The article reveals modern problems of improving the quality of life for Russian citizens by guaranteeing high standards of life support. As part of solving the problem posed, the author examines the basics of modern policy implemented in the agricultural sector of Russia, which is aimed at import substitution, in order to ensure the food security of the population. The main goal of the food security of the Russian Federation is the reliable provision of the country's population with food, the development of the domestic agro-industrial and fisheries complexes, the rapid response to internal and external threats to the stability of the food market. Based on the objectives of the study, the article reflects the results of monitoring data on the implementation of the state program for the development of agriculture and gives an assessment and forecast of the development of indicators of the domestic agro-industrial complex on the example of the Udmurt Republic. The results of the study of the current state of the regional food market contributed to the identification of a number of promising areas aimed at a more efficient use of the potential of the region in the framework of import substitution in order to solve the problem of food security.
Production functions depend from existence, qualitative structure and sufficiency of production stocks. Stocks are significant for the agricultural organizations production, for example, a food supply is for livestock production, seeds and landing material are for crop production, chemical medicines for fight against diseases; all-used are fuel, accessories, the economic tool. Production stocks are necessary and have to provide technological process completely. A research objective is studying of methods of management of production stocks in view of specifics of activity of the agrarian and industrial complex organizations. The review of interrelation between use of specialized types of materials and the general level of production of livestock and crop products is provided in article. Authors allocated the separate methods of management of production stocks allowing proving reserves of increase in productivity of the agricultural organizations.
In the modern world the consumer faces a dilemma - the choice between purchase of products with artificial preservatives and without them. On the one hand, the fast way of life forces consumers to buy more and more ready-made products of food which often contain synthetic preservatives which protect a product from damage, and, on the other hand, there is a nervousness of consumers concerning negative impact of synthetic preservatives on their health. Thus, and producers of food have a dilemma - to add or not synthetic preservative to a product. This article discusses the attitude of consumers to food without synthetic additives. The practical part of the study is devoted to the assessment of the willingness to pay for mayonnaise, which does not contain synthetic preservatives, by Perm consumers. The paper uses the contingent valuation method to determine the willingness to pay for the product. The results of the analysis suggest that the average consumer of mayonnaise in Perm is ready to buy mayonnaise, which does not contain a synthetic preservative, with a 23.6 ‰ premium to the price of mayonnaise with a synthetic preservative. Previously, there were no studies of the willingness to pay by Russian consumers for a product without synthetic preservatives and this work fills this gap. The results of the study will help companies and government to assess the attitude of consumers to synthetic preservatives.
The article analyzes the level of development of the vegetable market in Russia in general, and greenhouse, in particular. The main trends have been identified that set the direction for the development of the Russian vegetable market, which included growth in greenhouse vegetable production, the transition of producers from cultivation in soil to hydroponic and aeroponic methods of cultivation, the emergence of city farming (placing greenhouses in the city), the growth in demand for organic vegetables in individual packages). The authors have identified the most significant factors influencing the development of the greenhouse vegetable market, such as economic, infrastructural, climatic, technological and social. Based on the results of the correlation-regression analysis, it was revealed that the most significant factors in the development of this market are the level of state support for greenhouse vegetable growing, the yield of products and the technologies used, and the amount of imported products on the market. If the first two factors have a direct strong correlation with the volume of production of domestic vegetables, then the last factor is a strong and inverse relationship.
At the moment, the domestic meat-producing sub complex plays an important role in the formation and strengthening of the position of agriculture both at the national and global level. In the context of the implementation of global integration processes, strengthening the export potential of the Russian Federation, as well as the escalation of economic and political tensions, sectoral management structures need to form and implement a comprehensive action plan of socio-economic nature (strategy), focused on the solution of interrelated tasks, in terms of achieving a proportionately balanced stability and a positive trend in the adaptive development of meat sub complex, taking into account crisis conditions, risk factors and uncertainty. Based on this strategic setting, an important tool for achieving the goals and objectives is a comprehensive analysis and assessment of the features of the functioning and trends of the development of the processing sphere of the latter. Thus, the article studies the efficiency of the functioning of the raw material base, production sphere, industry market, export-import balance, as well as plans, goals, objectives and tools of import substitution policy implemented in this industry segment of the national economy. Of particular importance and scientific value are the goals and objectives of the complex development of meat production in the Russian Federation; measures to improve the competitiveness of domestic enterprises and products; the main tasks of the forming development of commodity and logistics infrastructure of the domestic market of meat and meat raw materials, as well as the direction of development of meat production on the basis of innovative approaches and solutions.
The main approaches to building an effective system of local government in the region are presented. The actual problems of land use are considered. The dialectical nature of land use is emphasized when, on the one hand, the technological aspects of the organization of production processes are included in the scope of activities of agricultural formations, and on the other hand, individual land use regimes are regulated by local self-government. The speeding up or slowing down of the economic development of rural areas depends on how much the land use potential is realized The article notes that in the conditions of transformation of land use regimes, the role of local self-government begins to change, its participation in production processes becomes more active, and local self-government becomes one of the driving forces for the development of rural economies. The key problems of the development of local self-government are analyzed, the main directions for improving the legal, territorial, and economic organization of local self-government are considered. Enhancing the role of local self-government is closely interdependent with the solution of actual problems of land use, the formation of the institutional environment, the reduction of transaction costs, the development of social capital, the changing role of the subsidiary farm in the livelihoods of rural residents. Enhancing the role of local self-government is closely interdependent with the solution of actual problems of land use, the formation of the institutional environment, the reduction of transaction costs, the development of social capital, the changing role of the subsidiary farm in the livelihoods of rural residents
The territorial development is one of the most important sections of management. We propose to create energy balance for regions develop. This will provide the region with food, investment, innovation, and life in the regions will increase. Economic theory is organically intertwined with other Sciences and there are periods of growth & crises. Nowadays, there is a change of economic paradigms. Research results obtained by the Department of economic theory and management of State University of land use planning. The collective of Department under supervision of candidate technical sciences, associate Professor, A. Chemodin developed and proposed to implement a Method of 100‰ utilization of waste produced by man using the technology of plasma gasification and melting, which is replenished source of energy for the growth of region economy. The following methods we used for research: systems analysis & synthesis, analysis of efficiency and technical feasibility of the investment project. The relevance and importance of practical development were highly appreciated at the all-Russian scientific and business events held in Moscow in 2017 and 2018.
International trade stimulates the mobilization and more efficient use of the potential of the economy of a country promotes productivity and income. The development of trade in agricultural products and increasing export potential is one of the most important directions of the agricultural policy of the Russian Federation, as well as the coordinated agricultural policy of the EAEU. China, as a trading partner, is of great interest because it is the largest consumer and producer of food not only in Southeast Asia, but also in the world. In recent years, trade between Russia and China has grown significantly, although from Russia to a greater extent. In 2016-2017, China took the first place in the Russian trade turnover of agricultural goods. Achieving a more balanced level of mutual trade is possible provided that the various trade barriers currently in place, especially on the part of the PRC, are eliminated or reduced. To achieve this goal, certain measures are being taken in both countries, as well as in the EAEU, including the conclusion of new trade agreements, bilateral and multilateral consultations, the development and implementation of joint projects in the agricultural sector and exhibitions of agricultural products and food. Russia has great opportunities to increase the production of agricultural raw materials and food not only to meet domestic needs, but also to export. However, to realize this potential, it is important to create conditions for improving the efficiency and competitiveness of domestic agriculture, improve the investment climate in the country.
The main trade partners within mutual trade in agro food products in EEU are Russia and Belarus. In article features of development of foreign trade in food products and agricultural raw materials of these two countries are considered; top trends in foreign trade are revealed; an assessment is given to the main directions of mutual agrarian export. Estimating the prospects of development of the Russian export of agro food products, it is noted that goals can be achieved of increase in volumes of export up to 45 billion US dollars due to primary increase in export of products with high extent of processing, but not due to export of agricultural raw materials. The Russian agrarian and industrial complex has the considerable potential of increase in production of food products with high extent of processing which can be realized, carrying out construction of the hi-tech enterprises of the food industry that will demand not only increases in investments into production base, but also in innovative developments.
The problems of the development of agro-industrial production in the regions of Siberia are identified. It is proved that in Siberian Federal district (SFO) there is a possibility to increase the volume of agricultural production to meet the needs of the local population in the main types of food according to the recommended rational norms, as well as the formation of the export potential for a number of products. Developed forecast of production of agricultural products in the subjects of the Russian Federation in SFO up to 2035, it is presented in two versions - mobilization and innovative. It is proved that for solving strategic challenges facing agriculture the district required implementation of the innovation scenario, which will require a significant increase in investment in the industry. The main strategic priorities of the socio-economic development of the agro-industrial complex have been identified. Among them are proposals for improving the general conditions of the industry, territorial-sectoral division of labour, the formation of rational intra-industry structural proportions in agriculture of subjects of the Russian Federation in SFO. The main innovation and investment priorities for the development of the agricultural sector are identified. Special attention is paid to the directions and mechanisms of socio-economic development of rural areas of the Siberian Federal District.