Transition to effective economic policy of the state is directly connected with development of specific industries, first of all, of agriculture. Financing of the agricultural organizations has a number of features. The operating system of the taxation is one of the most effective tools capable both to support agricultural production, and to slow down his development. A research objective is the analysis of questions of financing and taxation of the agricultural organizations as factors of branch growth. In the system of crediting of the agricultural organizations the following problems have been allocated: decrease in volumes of crediting of branch; lack of a possibility of replacement of the means which are earlier attracted in the capital markets. The statistics of the taxation of the organizations of agriculture of the last years shows multidirectional tendencies, including smaller use of a unified agricultural tax by the agricultural organizations in comparison with the general system of the taxation, positive dynamics of tax revenues and debt on taxes, acceptable level of a tax burden for agricultural producers. For increase in efficiency of agricultural production and attraction of investments methods of tax regulation offer to carry out assessment of influence of level of tax burden and application of tax benefits on an economic situation of agricultural producers and in general on development of agriculture. Use of the measures directed to strengthening of the stimulating taxation function is necessary.
Development of integration processes in agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation is natural process. Studying of experience of foreign countries and certain regions of Russia has shown that the most perspective form of integration interaction is cluster. Agrarian production of the Magadan region, despite annually increasing state support, still remains the low effective branch demanding new methods of management and creation of conditions for innovative development. A research objective is scientific justification and development of model of an agro food cluster in the Magadan region. Need of introduction of large-scale innovations demands application of cluster approach in agrarian and industrial complex of northern regions. SWOT analysis has allowed revealing strong and weaknesses of agricultural branches and to draw a conclusion on a possibility of creation in the region of a dairy and grocery cluster. It is established that in the area there are capacities which aren't loaded fully for processing of milk and also scientific innovative developments, ready to introduction, in the field of feeding of agricultural animals, strengthening of a regional food supply and cultivation of the dairy cattle. Creation of a cluster will allow to enhance competitiveness of production of agrarian and industrial complex of the region, to diversify agricultural production and to increase economic efficiency of branch, to reduce food dependence of the Magadan region on the market of imported goods, has provided improvement of supply of the population with local dairy products.
In modern conditions of farming about 70‰ of the livestock enterprises have no land grounds in the quantities sufficient for utilization of the manure / dung made on them. The only effective way of decrease in an environmental pressure on the environment is establishment of communications between the enterprises of the livestock and crop directions. A research objective is an assessment of logistic model of management of secondary resources of agrarian and industrial complex on the example of the Leningrad Region taking into account ecology-economic parameters. The chosen optimizing criterion of model considered profit on sale of organic fertilizer, subsidizing of the state, a payment for negative impact on the environment, costs of processing of a manure/dung in organic fertilizer, costs of transportation of the received organic fertilizer. Use of this model allows to reach economic effect in 19251 thousand roubles for poultry farm of the egg direction with a livestock of 579.1 thousand heads and an annual exit of a dung of 26.8 thousand tons and 93117 thousand roubles for pigs complex with a livestock of 17.5 thousand heads and an annual exit of manure of 71.9 thousand tons.
The important direction of functioning of agrarian and industrial complex of Russia is improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism of management of technological processes of production and use of organic fertilizers in the conditions of resource-saving agrarian policy. A research objective is development and approbation of tools of management of technological processes of the production and use of organic fertilizers focused on resource-saving. In author's treatment matrix and competence-based approach in management of resource-saving technological processes of use of organic fertilizers represents set of the general principles of the reasoned choice of the direction of processing of organic waste and the applied technology for the purpose of optimum use of a resource source of raw materials, increase in efficiency of functioning of branches of crop production and livestock production within ecologically focused agrarian production. In approach three stages for two basic directions of processing - the traditional and accelerated microbiological composting are allocated. The matrix of compliance of formation of a resource source of raw materials and production of organic fertilizers and also the field of dilemmas of the directions of processing of organic waste is made. When using retrospective data on the example of the organization of the Rostov region production of organic fertilizers and the need for them are determined, the prospects of use of resource-saving technologies of the accelerated microbiological composting are proved. The efficiency of resource-saving production technologies of organic fertilizers is confirmed with their approbation under production conditions of the agricultural organizations of the Rostov region. The offered matrix and competence-based approach is offered to be considered as one of the most acceptable and available instruments of increase in efficiency of the agrarian ecologically focused production.
In article stages of formation and development of organic agriculture in foreign countries and Russia are considered, a comparative assessment of his state in them is given. Existence of various points of view concerning development of organic agriculture, production and the market of organic production in our country speaks about need of scientific and methodological justification of statement and studying of this problem. In article two questions of methodological character are considered: understanding of the place of organic agriculture in country agriculture in general and questions of regulation and support of this process. Organic agriculture is considered as specific, but a component of the general system of farming. The efficiency of support of organic agriculture that will be higher, than more she will be carried out on a scientific basis, in close connection of the Ministry of Agriculture with regional authorities and scientific and educational institutions. Only those economic entities which will be included into the register of the certified producers of organic production have to enjoy support and will report on results of the activities for a nation-wide statistical accounting and reporting system. Ecological, social and economic factors are also in addition distinguished from advantages of organic agriculture. Rates of annual growth of the areas occupied under production of organic production during 2017-2020 can be from 3.4 to 3.9‰, and sales volumes from 7.7 to 11.2‰. The uniform information base will make possible to carry out objective monitoring of domestic market of organic production
In article the nutrition value of meat horse-flesh and products from him is characterized. Production of meat is analysed. Statistical data on placement and number of meat horse breeding on regions of the Russian Federation are generalized in dynamics. The zoo technical characteristic of local breeds of horses, hybrids with factory breeds and specialized breeds of the meat direction is given. The scientifically based forecast of number meat horses and also a horse livestock of other directions of use for the medium term are developed (2020). Production of meat horse-flesh is calculated on the designated prospect for regions with traditionally developed meat horse breeding and to other directions of use of horses. It is planned to provide increase in production of meat on the basis of increase in number of horses, improvement of pedigree structure of meat horse breeding and also introduction of rational processing methods of maintaining branch. Actions for increase in marketability of meat horse-flesh by the organization of system of delivery of meat horses for export and creations of the specialized meat-processing enterprises for production of sausages and various meat products from horse-flesh are developed.
In the majority of the farms of the Omsk region producing grain realization of grain exerts decisive impact on their financial state. Therefore the analysis and assessment of forms of realization of grain agricultural producers is one of the most important factors of improvement of such activity. The analysis of channels of realization of grain in 20 years (1996-2015) I have shown that in their structure there were essential shifts. Supply of grain to the procuring organizations and on barter transactions has considerably decreased, has increased - to processing enterprises, the organizations of wholesale trade, through own shops. At formal existence of multichannel forms of realization of grain most of them or are inaccessible for producers, or infringe upon their economic interests. The important tendency which is that positive results of work are defined, first of all, by activity of the enterprise in the market, and then the level of expenses is revealed. Definition of the index of advantage of maintaining branch has shown that in modern conditions of conducting grain production it is necessary to change the relation to sale of the production as his organization demands special knowledge.
Article is devoted to improvement of public administration of agrarian and industrial complex on the basis of the balances defining scientifically based proportions in its diversified structure which assume development of the village as interconnected with the city original socially - industrial complex. On the basis of group of the facts in the sphere of agrarian and industrial complex importance of intellectualization of rural economy in operating conditions of various models and forms of ownership is proved. The organizational directions of social and production development of agricultural territories taking into account their competitive advantages are offered. The science role in high-quality updating of the agrarian sector of Russia is emphasized. A basis of the effective balanced economic decisions is intellectualization of the agricultural territory that demands accumulation of necessary innovative knowledge, their continuous increase by increase in education, competence, professionalism of shots. Scientifically based proportions in agrarian and industrial complex are a development of the village which is an outpost of stability of agricultural territories, connections of the state social partnership with local business, citizens' initiative in use, saving of land riches, preservation of natural and resource, historical and cultural potential. It is important to make an investment priority not so much in new technologies how many in building of the social capital, stabilization of demographic growth in the village, in strengthening of the institution of the family. For realization of potential of development of agrarian and industrial complex the state program of creation of an intellectual framework which would include the modern centres of communications and data processing, analytical, information and consulting services is necessary.
Marketing activity becomes a relevant factor of successful functioning of the agricultural enterprise in the market environment. Production distribution system at the agricultural enterprise is a closing stage of economic activity of a producer. Process of management of a distribution system in the agricultural organization is presented in the form of the interconnected blocks (collecting and the analysis of information, planning, the organization, control, adjustment). The agricultural products distribution system through the electronic systems of communications has been offered. The conclusion is drawn that the electronic agrofood market is the perspective direction of development of science (from the point of view of the theory) and the public relations (from the point of view of practice). Weak economic growth of the Russian economy substantially is explained by high transactional and also transport expenses. Electronic commerce due to reduction of transactional expenses promotes open business and the competition, increases efficiency of exchange. Types of interaction of segments of electronic space in agrarian economy are considered. The analysis of sales volumes of production through electronic trading platforms shows that they constantly grow. The effect gained from use of system of electronic commerce on the example of realization of wheat and sunflower by the enterprise of the Voronezh region is calculated. Economic effect of sales of products through the electronic systems of communications was: on wheat - 180 thousand roubles, on sunflower - 195.6 thousand roubles. Sale of agricultural production in the conditions of electronic commerce will increase efficiency of activity of the enterprise in general and also will allow to increase competitiveness of production, to strengthen positions of the enterprise in the agro food market.