Innovations form the basis of the development of the modern economy. Currently, advanced scientific, technical and technological developments have been created in Russia, there is a positive experience in the development of production. However, not in all regions and not in all agro-industrial organizations, these achievements are properly applied. This situation is due to many factors noted by scientists and specialists of the agro-industrial complex. Several of the main ones is international, financial and personnel problems. In this regard, governing bodies at all levels need to take into account both well-known requirements for the formation and development of a management system and its constituent elements, and specific for the management of innovation, including a set of organizational, economic, administrative and other mechanisms of influence on certain structures engaged in the development of new technics and technologies for agro-industrial production, stimulating producers to introduce modern scientific and technical achievements, to master information technologies, to train qualified personnel for the successful implementation of technological and other operations, to carry out communication interactions, decision-making, etc. For the successful implementation of technical, technological, organizational, economic, industrial and other innovations in the conditions of digitalization of the agro-industrial complex, financial, qualified labour and information resources are required. Their availability largely depends on state support and the effectiveness of state regulation, the development of the education system and the use of digital technologies in agriculture.
The article examines the results of auctions for 2021 for the purchase and sale of agricultural land plots owned by the state or municipal property of the Russian Federation. The analysis of the information posted on the state portal in the unified information system of the Russian Federation made it possible to estimate the scale of transactions in the context of federal districts based on the grouping of land plots by area, cadastral value, form of ownership of land plots sold at auction. The results of completed and failed transactions, transactions with one participant are considered. The comparison of the initial and final cost of land plots with their cadastral value, both in absolute value and per 1 ha. The degree of deviation of the specified cost values is investigated. Examples of completed transactions of purchase and sale of land plots, the value of which significantly deviated from the cadastral value, are given. There is a pattern - with an increase in the number of land plots put up for auction and their areas, the final unit cost of plots (per 1 hectare) decreases;
The consumption of milk and dairy products by the population of the Russian Far East remains very low, and by 2020 is 59%. At the same time, on the territory of the regions of the Far Eastern Federal District, there is an insufficient level of workload of the production capacities of existing processing enterprises. So JSC "Blagoveshchensk Dairy Plant" geographically located in the Amur region uses its production capacity by 46.0%. The practice of interaction with the company revealed the main problem - the lack of raw materials. In turn, the analysis of the factors hindering the development of the dairy sector in the Amur region revealed as a determining factor – the lack of own financial resources for agricultural producers to invest in the implementation of new investment projects. The weight of the factor among others is 87%. The proposed conceptual approach to the integrated organization of feed production and use in cattle breeding was used in the development of an investment project for the construction of a livestock complex for 2400 cows. The project was developed taking into account the interest of the state in meeting the needs of the population in dairy products, JSC "Blagoveshchensk Dairy Plant" in expanding the raw material base, and JSC "Luch" in the development of production activities. Due to the increase in the supply of milk for processing, the use of production capacities will increase from 46.0% to 67.9%, the volume of production by 47.7%. By saving fixed costs, expanding the volume of production and sales of products, an additional income of 134711 thousand roubles is projected, the profitability of products will increase by 2.5%. About 20 kg of dairy products will be added to the market of milk and dairy products per capita.
The article assesses measures to maintain the financial stability of agricultural organizations in the Altai Territory. A grouping of agricultural organizations that received state support was carried out, according to the level of profitability. The costs of agricultural organizations in the region for servicing attracted loans and borrowings are shown. The results of the program of financial rehabilitation of agricultural organizations in the region are given. A methodology has been developed for the distribution of agricultural organizations into 5 groups of financial stability based on an assessment of the level of solvency and dependence on external creditors.
In the pandemic conditions chains of delivery of the food and agricultural production between the countries were broken. Number of undernourished people in the world increased. UN recommends using inclusive development of productive and agricultural systems in the food provision of the population. This will contribute to the growth of the agrarian production and quality of rural population nutrition. In 2022 the aggravation of geopolitical crisis, introduction of sanctions against Russia, necessity in protection of the domestic markets led to the decrease of volume of trade between the countries. FAO supposes that there will be a provision crisis in the world. In such conditions the achievement of Russian independence in food provision of all main products increases. The fundamentals of national food security form in the subjects of federation. Therefore, strategic planning of agricultural production by the regions, processing of products, interregional exchange of food and its export become topical. Productive and agricultural system including the agricultural sector and processing industry is the most regionally oriented production system. Stability of its functioning is interdependent and connected with social and economic development of the regions. Therefore, forming of the developmental strategy of the productive and agricultural systems should be coordinated with the development of sectors included in it, and territories of the production location, as well as strategy of social and economic development of the region. This stipulates the necessity of integrative strategizing. National food system needs stability. Forming of interventional funds of long-term storage food will help the domestic food market to function persistently in the conditions of increased demand. Creation of conditions for the realization of the produced food on the economies of the population will contribute to the growth of self-sufficiency of the regions in terms of provision and increase of incomes of the rural population.
The article presents the results of a study developing the author's developments in the field of the problems of living standards, the relevance of which is enhanced in the conditions of socio-economic consequences in connection with the new challenges for our country in 2022. Using the original tools, the authors assessed the standard of living (current consumption) for urban and rural socio-demographic groups: youth, middle and older generation and their segments, differing in household composition and type of residence. Quantitative identification was carried out and two models of distribution of socio-demographic groups were obtained: by income used for consumption and by monetary income, formed on the basis of comparing the actual characteristics of current consumption with the author's system of social standards. The differences in the prevalence of standards of different levels of material wealth identified in these models are revealed, consisting in a wider representation of the disadvantage determined by the income used for consumption. It is shown that the rural population is distinguished by higher risks of being among the poor and low-income compared to the urban population. It is revealed that both in the city and in the countryside, among young people, middle and older generations, a more prosperous distribution of material wealth has developed among single and married couples without children, while the expansion of the composition of households and the presence of minor children in them worsen this distribution, significantly reducing the chances of achieving middle and higher standards of material wealth. Based on the conducted research, the categories of the population that require improvement of measures of their support from the state, society and employers are identified. Acknowledgments: the research was carried out at the expense of a grant from the Russian Science Foundation No. 22-28-01043, https://rscf.ru/en/project/22-28-01043/.
For more than 200 years in our country, with varying frequency and effectiveness, the state has been trying to raise the level of development of rural areas, reducing the differences between urban and rural populations as much as possible. The purpose of the work is to study the existing mechanism of rural development. Currently, a program-targeted approach is mainly used for the development of rural areas. In the process of studying the opinions of scientists on the issue under study, the authors revealed that many of them emphasize the need to improve the mechanism of rural development. A number of scientists focus on the application of a differentiated approach to the development of rural areas. Within the framework of the study, the interrelation of the main normative legal acts regulating the development of rural territories was structured. Special attention is paid to the analysis of the state program "Integrated development of rural territories" implemented in the country, as well as the main directions and corresponding tools for the development of rural territories are considered. The first results of the state program "Integrated rural development" in the Novosibirsk region are analyzed. Taking into account the specifics of the financing of the program under consideration (co-financing by the municipality), the need to stimulate various kinds of local initiatives is highlighted. In this case, it seems appropriate to use civil society institutions (CBT, NGOs, and resource centers). As an example, the project of the foundation "Siberian Center for Support of Public Initiatives" is considered, implemented in order to increase the number of local initiatives and the involvement of residents in them. As a result, the authors came to the conclusion that only the joint efforts of the state, business and local initiatives will contribute to the development of rural areas.
In the article, the author substantiates the need for the introduction of digital technologies in agriculture, in particular, in the mechanism of grain production. Based on the analysis of the current state of digitalization of the industry, both in the whole country and in the regional context, the author provides recommendations for stimulating the introduction of digital technologies in the grain production of the region. In particular, it is proposed to create a regional resource center on the basis of Novosibirsk State Agrarian University, which, accumulating the best practices of using digital technologies, will be able to offer ready-made solutions to agricultural producers. We believe that the creation of a resource center will make it possible to more systematically implement digital solutions in grain production: accumulate certain best ready-made solutions for implementation, which will then be used by other agricultural producers, purposefully train personnel, both directly for agricultural production and for the development of appropriate software, conclude contracts and agreements of a certain nature (which in the conditions of the center will be more appropriate and convenient than in the framework of a single grain production). In addition, the proposed solution will allow digitalization of agriculture in the region at a faster pace and at the lowest cost.
The theoretical basis of the study is the study of existing developed models of technological transfer, principles and methods of knowledge management in an innovative economy, foreign experience in the formation of a cluster mechanism. In the article, the authors made a comparative assessment of technology transfer models based on public-private partnership and the creation of clusters in the agricultural industry. Common indicators specific to the transfer models under consideration and indicators specific to each were identified. The peculiarities of model formation are determined and practical feasibility of technology transfer model based on cluster creation is justified (agricultural holding ROS AGRO PLC is investigated as an example). Agro holding entities were identified with clarification of activities. Indicators of cluster development of the Russian Federation for 2017-2019 were investigated, namely, the share of internal investments, the share of budgetary and extra budgetary sources of financing and the budget implemented by participants in cluster entities. Problems with the functioning of the models under consideration have been identified. For the technology transfer model based on the creation of scientific and production clusters, this is the underdevelopment of the institutional and innovative environment, the lack of mechanisms to stimulate cooperation among the model entities. For the model of technology transfer based on public-private partnership - economic and financial limitations of private partners and the state. The prospects for the development of the digital agricultural economy are indicated: the creation of a favourable innovative and institutional environment, the maintenance of domestic food security on the basis of the unhindered promotion of agricultural products from producer to consumer, the possibility of accumulating indicators of the development of digital agriculture with the provision of the result of monitoring to the entities of the transfer mechanism.
In the context of a difficult political and economic situation, the uncertainty of the external environment and, as a result, the risks of international relations become especially relevant using strategic tools. Despite positive dynamics of agro export of the Siberian Federal District (SFD), he can be characterized raw, unbalanced on the structure of commodity groups and the possessing unstable demand for separate commodity positions. To form strategic directions for the development of agricultural exports of the Siberian Federal District, situational and strategic analysis methods are used. The main problem is the lack of an integrated vision for the development of agricultural exports of the Siberian Federal District. In order to resolve the problem, it is proposed to identify the main characteristics of the current situation in the agro-industrial complex, especially the food and processing industries of the country, including the Siberian Federal District. There are suggestions that the Siberian Federal District has the possibility of integration into the global food market, implementing a comprehensive growth strategy for agro export of the Siberian macro-region, which can be formed taking into account the balancing of the portfolio of commodity groups. The study emphasizes the importance of using strategy technologies in the formation of a comprehensive strategy for the development of agro export at the macro region level.