The purpose of the study is to study the influence of macroeconomic factors and changes in market conditions on the economic efficiency of production and the competitiveness of livestock products. In the process of research, economic and statistical research methods were used, as well as the method of expert assessments. There are analysis of the current state of livestock and the factors determining the economic efficiency of production. It is established that the profit from the sale of milk for 2013-2017 increased by more than 2.5 times and amounted to 520 roubles / c. The profitability of the production of meat of pigs and poultry of all kinds increased 4.3 and 2.7 times, reaching 2,321 roubles per cent in pig breeding and 844 roubles per cent in meat poultry farming. Trends and features of the development of the domestic market for animal products in the context of the introduction of international sanctions were reflected. Import of pork for 2013-2017 was reduced by 54.6‰ to 281.2 thousand tons, meat and offal of a bird for 56.5‰ to 229.0 thousand tons. meat large and small cattle for 45.1‰ and 68.3‰. The effect of the volatility of the national currency on the formation of profits and competitive advantages of domestic products is substantiated. On the basis of the study, proposed measures to improve competitiveness and sustainable development of the industry.
Consumption of meat and meat products in a particular region depends on many factors, starting with the climatic conditions and ending with the availability of the product for the population. The article presents the dynamics of meat production in the Siberian Federal District for the period from 1990 to 2016, the level of its production per capita of the district and their self-sufficiency in the population of the district. Trends of development of production of meat by types are revealed. The analysis of the consumption of meat and meat products by the population of the district was carried out, based on rational consumption norms; its deviations from the norm were calculated. The data on the import and export of meat in the Siberian Federal District are given. The forecast indicators of production and the necessary volumes of meat by types for self-sufficiency of the region until 2030 are calculated, using the balance method. Prospects were developed for the further development of meat production, using the example of the Novosibirsk region, for each species separately, and measures for the further development of meat production.
For the scientific and technological development of the agricultural sector, there is a need for workers with critical competencies. Critical competencies of employees are the most popular set of knowledge and skills in a particular area to ensure the change of technological way of life. Online data of labour exchanges can become an indicator of the personnel needs of employers in the agricultural sector. In this work, these data were used from the site of Russia's largest exchange Head Hunter. In order to determine the features of employers ' requirements to critical competencies, the article provides intellectual analysis of information from vacancies for the agricultural sector and other sectors of the economy. The author proposed to divide all competencies into groups: intellectual and educational, communicative, motivational and volitional, management, network interaction, environmental. The paper describes these groups on the basis of announcements of employers of the agricultural sector. The great demand and branch specifics on critical competences of the different directions of economic activity are found. The most popular in the agricultural sector were the competence of intellectual and educational, management and networking. 10.02 ‰ of announcements for this sector contain requirements for environmental competencies, despite the low level of demand for them, it should be noted that in such sectors as the IT sector, the mining industry, the financial sector, they are completely absent.
For the purpose of increase in efficiency of development of regional beekeeping, the analysis of a condition of the industry and also the factors affecting dynamics of its development in the Belgorod region is carried out. In work branch features of functioning of beekeeping and dynamics of selling of its products, mechanisms of interaction of agricultural producers and processing enterprises, legal and information support of subjects of managing, development of social and production infrastructure of the industry, training of qualified personnel in the explored region are described. During the carried-out analysis it was succeeded to establish that in structure of production of products of beekeeping the main role is played by individual (country) farms to which share on statistical data more than 90‰ of the gross and marketable products of the industry. For maintaining social stability and economic growth of small farms, their involvement in the cooperative relations is important. The author developed the concept of creation of a cooperative cluster of regional beekeeping which model can be used when developing and updating regional target programs of development of the branch of beekeeping.
Models for regulating the volume of grain sales for export were evaluated. The trends of price relations and the price mechanism of the domestic market of agricultural products are analyzed. Theoretical and methodological provisions of the regulation of the external market and price relations of export-oriented organizations have been developed, taking into account the need to form them on the basis of a long-term strategy for the development of foreign markets; formation of a system of high-tech export-oriented organizations, cluster structures; systems of price regulation indicators; capitalization of revenues from export operations for technical and technological development. To prevent volatility and reduce prices for agricultural products, it was proposed to expand the list and conduct procurement interventions of agricultural products on the domestic market of the region of Siberia. Preventing market risks is associated with the need to implement a system of measures to reduce the disparity of prices for industrial goods and services and prices of agricultural producers, harmonious relations in the system of organizations of the technological platform of the agro-food cluster, increasing the purchasing power of a significant part of the population. The implementation of the research results will ensure the formation of positive dynamics of financial flows, the formation of the financial sustainability of organizations of the agrarian sector of Siberia
Target programs are the important tool of socially oriented economic policy of the state which efficiency of realization can be reached only in case, stimulating production, and, providing employment of the population, the program does not contradict the concept of the market relations. When developing target programs and a program and target method of management many face such problems as: not readiness of selection criteria and assessment of their efficiency, lack of definiteness in development of technology of providing programs with financial, personnel, material resources, etc. that causes the need for researches on the specified directions. To study theoretical fundamentals of regional policy, to designate essence of regional development, the place and a role of target programs in social and economic development. In a research the analysis of social and economic development of the region was carried out and the target programs realized in the region in the agrarian and industrial complex sphere are considered. On the example of the existing target program assessment of efficiency and feasibility of investment projects of alleged participants is made, the budgetary efficiency of programs is calculated. The new scheme of selection of participants of programs is offered. As a result of a research recommendations about improvement of regional policy, the offer on updating of the existing programs of development of subjects are developed and also the directions of development which require attention are defined.
This paper presents the results of a field study of the budgetary efficiency of investments in agricultural industry. Currently, grants and subsidies are the main incentives for the agricultural industry. Nevertheless, the results of the field survey revealed, that the direct funding would never bring the significant impact. Sustainable growth equally depends on developed infrastructure, labour market. In this paper we state that sustainable growth of agricultural industry depends not so much on investments in the industry, but on complex measures to support the regions. Moreover, such sources of financing as subsidies have reached their limits and are not able to provide an increase in the output of agricultural products. The research model was developed using a decision tree and takes into account the willingness of subjects to expand production in various conditions.
Practice of regulation of the legal and financial economic relations of the worker and employer in the North conditions infringes on interests over 10 million people. It became an object of professional discussions of bodies executive and legislature of the Russian Federation, both the federal and regional level, enterprise, public and scientific community. Payment of northern extra charges is as the instrument of stimulation of inflow of human resources to the north glitches. Outflow of the population from subarctic territories threatens success of the forthcoming project of development of the Arctic. Also destruction of the comfortable habitat, in particular, mass closing of the agricultural organizations, and together with it, reduction of deliveries to the regional markets of the North of quality food, increase in prices for the imported products because of decrease in level of the competition and monopolization of the market by suppliers has a considerable impact on outflow. A research objective is to show the possible directions of development of rural peripheral territories by means of optimum use of means of the budgetary financing. Examples of support of northern regions of foreign countries and the Russian Federation and also the agrarian sector of the Komi Republic are given. Dynamics of population of northern regions is investigated, financial analysis of the agricultural organizations of the Komi Republic is carried out, the dependence of profitability of their activity on the amount of payments of northern extra charges is shown, volumes of need for additional resources of the enterprises for increase in the minimum wage are calculated.
The solution of the problem of import substitution and ensuring food security of the country depends on efficiency of use of farmlands. Management of land resources is a significant part of regional economy. Agricultural production of the Magadan region is carried out in difficult climatic conditions and limited providing with farmlands therefore the relevance of rational and effective use of the land plots increases. The research purpose is a determination of cost efficiency of land resources management of in the Magadan region. It is offered to carry out complex assessment of cost efficiency of agricultural lands management with use of effectiveness ratio of farm lands using. The standard value of an indicator of efficiency is defined on the basis of model where as optimizing criterion production of agriculture per unit area of farmlands is accepted. Level of use of land grounds in the Magadan region is from 77 to 94‰ of standard value that testifies to need of improvement of methods of management of land resources, including establishment of a procedure of payments of the rent for use of lands of agricultural appointment. For its differentiation in a section of municipal units use of effectiveness ratio of farm lands using is expedient.