The strategy for sustainable development of rural areas for the period up to 2030 has planned significant amounts of forest plantations, and science has proven their high efficiency for the crop industry-they stabilize agricultural production, increase its safety, act as an insurance measure against emergencies from natural anomalies, control erosion and deflation on arable land. In addition to successfully solving the tasks of the agro-industrial complex to stabilize degradation processes in agricultural landscapes and ensure stable yields, plantations have a certain potential for expanding the share of the forest sector in the regional economy. The cornerstone in assessing the effectiveness of forest reclamation is the practice that is traditionally based on taking into account only additional crop production, the so-called "increments" of the crop. The article proposes to develop this approach towards the overall environmental impact of plantings on adjacent fields, focusing primarily on their soil protection functions, reducing soil losses to acceptable limits. On the example of slope arable land, where there is a risk of water erosion, the optimal protective forest cover of this arable land is modelled. For each technological variant, the costs of creating forest-reclamation complexes and their various utilities are estimated, and the mathematical approximation of the regularities of the dynamics of the effectiveness of these measures is made depending on a wide range of forest and orographic conditions, and the service life of plantings. The conducted research makes it possible to conclude that it is advisable to develop slope arable land for forest reclamation and is a sufficient basis for stimulating the increase of protective forest cover in erosive-dangerous regions.
The aim of the study is to develop a methodology for assessing and monitoring the environmental friendliness of the agricultural enterprise's use of fertilizers and plant protection tools in order to improve environmental safety and ensure the sustainable development of land use. The main studies were carried out on the example of the agricultural organization of the Volgograd region. Environmental problems related to the uncontrolled use of various fertilizers and plant protection products (poisonous chemicals) in the agricultural industry were described. The agricultural organization has conducted an analysis of the efficiency of using the material and production reserves, which is a structural element of the system of ensuring the environmental safety of the enterprise. Specific factors affecting the optimization of the use of reserves in the agricultural organization (economic, political, social, cultural, raw materials, marketing, management, personnel, information, etc.) are identified and systematized; External and internal threats to environmental safety have been identified and identified. The information capabilities of analytical accounting of fertilizers and means of plant protection within the framework of environmental accounting have been expanded, which make it possible to increase the transparency and quality of information on the enterprise's activities in the field of environmental management, environmental protection and environmental safety. A coefficient of environmental friendliness of reserves showing the degree of "purity" of material and production reserves of agro-industrial complex organizations has been proposed, a report form has been developed on the results of analysis of environmental friendliness of material and production reserves and their use efficiency, which allows to obtain and control not only current, but also forecast values of these indicators. These measures are aimed at solving environmental problems, improving the safety and rational use of agricultural land, and increasing the strategic competitive property of the agricultural organization.
The Siberian Federal district (SFD) is a major producer of grain and grain products in Russia. On average, 14.8 million tons of grain was grown annually in the region in 2015-2019. Having a long border with neighboring States, the share of the SFD in Russia's grain exports is only 2.4‰, which indicates the remoteness of the region from the main markets and the unrealized cross-border potential of the SFD. The article analyzes the main trends and problems in the development of the grain complex and the export of grain and grain products of the district. Country and product specifics of Siberian grain and grain products export are studied. The purpose of the study is to determine the most significant tasks and directions for the development of the grain complex of the SFD and to strengthen its export orientation in the future. The agro-resource potential of the territory allows increasing grain production to 21 million tons in order to fully meet the internal needs of the region, taking into account the development of livestock, as well as increasing the volume of grain exports to 3.1 million tons. The key tasks are to increase the gross harvest and improve the quality of grain, expand domestic consumption of feed grain, develop deep processing of grain and expand markets for products, develop the market and transport and logistics infrastructure of the grain market. Priority measures for the development of the grain industry and the grain market have been identified: the development of specialized zones for commodity production of certain types of grain products; the reorientation of grain exports to the export of flour and other grain products with high added value; creating a single Siberian grain company to promote Siberian grain and grain products to foreign markets; establishing partnerships with importing countries in East and South-East Asia, ensuring that Siberian grain is delivered in the required volumes at mutually beneficial prices and attracting foreign investment in the development of grain and transport and logistics complexes.
The transition of the agro-industrial complex to an export-oriented model of development was updating the task of identifying factors that could lead to an increase in food supplies to foreign markets. This study presents the results of a quantitative assessment of the influence of factors on the revenue of agricultural producers related to exports. The analysis in the interim aspect affects the period 2000-2018, during which export potential was formed and there was an explosive increase in supplies to foreign markets, and in the subject area - the export of wheat, sunflower seeds, soybeans and their processed products, which in this period amounted to about 80‰ of Russian agricultural exports. The main method of research is an integrated factor analysis of the functional model of estimated revenue from the sale of export-oriented products. The article establishes the need to take into account the low base in the analysis of the dynamics of individual products: sunflower since 2000, wheat since 2002, soybeans since 2009. Periods of formation of export potential (2000-2009), instability (2010-2012) and growth (2013-2018) of agricultural exports were highlighted. The impact of price factors, quantity and quality of exported agricultural products, the world food and financial markets, as well as the costs of export-oriented goods movement on revenue in terms of the main export products were assessed. It was established that the main factor in the growth of the value of exports was the growth of its physical volume, with a positive contribution of inflationary processes and a decrease in the real rouble exchange rate in 2013-2018. The article concludes that the effect of currency imbalance has been exhausted and the potential of agricultural exports for analyzed products has increased based on a possible recovery in world food prices and a convergence of export prices generated by intermediaries and producer prices.
The article shows the importance of assessing the competitiveness of the regional meat industry both from the point of view of regional authorities and from the position of local producers. Various approaches to assessing regional competitiveness are considered, methods based on the estimation of meat production volumes, the use of physical output volume indices or the calculation of a generalized indicator of the regional meat industry competitiveness are highlighted. A market approach was also noted, based on an assessment of sales of meat products or an assessment of the market share of local producers. The methods for assessing competitiveness also include an approach to measuring it in accordance with indicators of freedom of market competition; they are evaluated by indicators of business activity or concentration of market shares. Using separate methods, an assessment was made of the competitiveness of the meat industry in the Novosibirsk Region, which allowed, based on a comparison of the results obtained, a number of significant conclusions. The interrelation of measures of state support for the meat industry and its competitiveness is noted, the conclusion is made that the competitive strategies of most local producers are ineffective in terms of meeting market demands, since they focus mainly on short-term results. The necessity of using the experience of competition of the largest Novosibirsk producers with effective strategies and other participants in the meat market has been substantiated. Improving the strategies of small producers should contribute to increasing the competitiveness of the meat industry in the Novosibirsk region as a whole.
There have been considered the results of research carried out by the FSBSI CSAL for creating the full text database “Outstanding academic agrarian economists of Russia”. The aim of the research was to improve the bibliographic service of scientists and specialists and information support of researches in the AIC problems. The relevance of the research consists in a necessity to create information products available in remote access mode, in providing the user with full electronic texts of the most significant works of outstanding Russian academic agrarian economists, which are a part of scientific heritage organized into a single structured and indexed array allowing quickly and effectively searching according to some attributes of document and full text. The novelty of research consists in that the documents of these topics are separated from the CSAL collection for the first time into a separate structure information assay; the existence of similar databases on this theme has not been revealed. As a result the research has revealed above 1000 personalities who played, as evaluated by modern scientists, an important role in different periods of development of agricultural economy. The structure and the stages of forming and replenishing the DB have been defined. Its program, linguistic tools, as well as an approach and technology of scientific processing documents, forming and replenishing the BD have been developed. The created BD is a separate thematic collection and a part of the CSAL Electronic Scientific Agricultural Library incorporated into the Electronic Library of the Central Catalog of the AIC Libraries. In 2020 the DB included 500 documents. In future the BD content will be annually replenished with new documents.
The long-term Doctrine of Food Security of Russia defines Russia's national interests in the field of food security, including improving the quality of life of citizens through adequate food security, among the main ones. In Yakutia, the specific gravity of food self-sufficiency for certain types of agricultural products ranges from 25 to 65‰. The level of providing the population with their own meat and meat products is especially low, and therefore, increasing the volume of agricultural production is an important task for the region. At the same time, the Arctic zone of Yakutia is one of the territories where large industrial projects are expected to be implemented and, despite the positive prerequisites for their development, there are fears of the negative impact of industrial development on the functioning of traditional branches of the agricultural sector - northern domestic reindeer husbandry and herd horse breeding. The problems identified today require new approaches to determining their development strategies. The article also emphasizes the relevance of improving the mechanisms of state regulation and solving the joint task of improving the efficiency of regional agribusiness, in particular traditional industries, and reducing the risk of not achieving the results of state programs “Development of agriculture and regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets for 2020-2024 years ”and“ Integrated development of rural territories for 2020-2025 ”in the conditions of industrial development of the Arctic.
The current global economic situation caused by the consequences of COVID-19 requires a review of approaches to both global cooperation and industry management in individual countries. The breakdown of cooperative ties, a paradigm shift in the development of the agro-industrial complex, state support measures, and an increased understanding of the role of agriculture in ensuring the country's security and sovereignty open up enormous opportunities for the country's agro-industrial complex. The article discusses the prospects for the innovative development of the agro-industrial complex in a pandemic. Why: trends in the development of the domestic agricultural sector have been identified, which have a correlation with the global trend in the development of agriculture. Both the main trends in the development of the global agricultural sector and the vectors of the further technological development of the Russian agricultural sector are highlighted. To develop concrete steps for the transition of the domestic agro-industrial complex to the AgroTech 4.0 concept, it was proposed to evaluate the innovative potential of the industry. In a pandemic, the domestic agro-industrial complex is forced to develop, taking into account the consequences of the pandemic, for example, a decrease in the number of labour, increasing the importance of automated technologies, the destruction of economic relations and others. The directions of development of the agricultural sector in a pandemic are highlighted: the development of the fundamental foundations of productivity; increasing labour productivity through the introduction of cross-platform solutions and digital technologies in the agricultural sector; diversified priority development of high-margin segments of agricultural products and others, as well as the main trends for the implementation of these areas: modernization of the innovation environment, targeted innovative development, reorganization of the agricultural education and science system, building transparent cooperative ties between business and federal executive bodies with the aim of eliminating manipulations and bureaucratic component of activity. Thus, in a pandemic, in order to overcome the consequences of the crisis, the Russian agro-industrial complex needs a transition to the new management concept AgroTech 4.0.
The experience of developed countries confirmed the high efficiency of managing the company's value. The use of value management models in Russian companies in the agrochemical sector can be a means of increasing their investment attractiveness. PJSC Akron was chosen as the subject of the study. When calculating the company's value using the method of economic value added, the destruction of the value of PJSC Akron was discovered. For shareholders of the company, a similar situation suggests that they suffer losses from investing in the company's shares. The reason for the destruction of value is the high level of debt burden of the company and the low level of its financial stability. The analytical model of agrochemical company value management presented in the article can significantly improve the value creation process. The value management of the agrochemical production company is carried out in three main areas: production efficiency management, management of the company's financial capital structure and management of the company's operational efficiency. The application in practice of the proposed analytical model of agrochemical company cost management will make it possible to assess the effectiveness of solutions, both operational and financial and investment, as well as to contribute to the increase in the value of the agrochemical company as the main strategic benchmark of its efficiency.
The task of increasing the availability of credit resources is one of the most important conditions for the sustainable development of the agro-industrial complex and the economy as a whole. In the context of an economic slowdown and worsening conditions for raising capital in international financial markets, the urgency of developing domestic sources of financing has only increased. The agro-industrial complex remains in high demand for construction and modernization of production and infrastructure facilities. Given the length of the production and financial cycle, agriculture has a higher demand for short-term loans compared to other types of economic activity. At the same time, agriculture is a high-risk industry, characterized by high debt load, sensitivity to the cost of borrowed resources. Partially these problems are mitigated by state support for the industry with the system of concessional lending as a key component. The article provides an integrated approach to enhancing the credit process. In addition to the development of the existing mechanism for the partial interest rate compensation other measures have been proposed to provide the agro-industrial complex and the economy as a whole with the necessary financial resources to ensure economic growth. To this end, additional incentives are justified to expand lending to small businesses. Other measures include reducing credit risks through agricultural insurance with state support in the lending process, further development of the guarantee system, use of specialized refinancing instruments of the Bank of Russia, radical restructuring of the Project Financing Factory mechanism to increase the flow of investment projects, improvement of the system of prudential banking regulation, wider application of incentive banking regulation.