Яндекс.Метрика

Issue № 3, March 2021, article № 9

Rural poverty as a factor limiting the innovative development of agro-industrial complex

In the article, the difficulties in meeting the strategic guidelines for innovative agricultural development, recorded in a number of State programmes, were explained by the insufficient consideration of the social component of the factors of innovative development of the agro-industrial complex and the high level of poverty of the rural population. The timeliness of consideration of these factors is dictated by the strategic task set by the President of Russia to reduce poverty in the country. By presidential decree, overcoming poverty is recognized as one of the main social problems of Russia. The first in the list of national goals is: preservation of the population, health and well-being of people. One of the main criteria for achieving this is to reduce poverty by half by 2030 compared to 2017. The aim of the presented study is to update the preservation of the population in rural areas, determine the level of rural poverty, identify the peculiarities of the impact of social problems of the village on the innovative potential of the regions, and evaluate the role of state participation in the processes under consideration. Based on the information of the Federal State Statistics Service of the Russian Federation, the Ministry of Agriculture of the Russian Federation, logical and statistical analysis and synthesis of data was carried out, the poverty level among rural residents in the regions of Russia was calculated, which in the whole country reaches 25.4‰. An assessment of the level of organizational and methodological development of the mechanisms for the implementation of some documents that affect the reduction of the poor among the rural population and the transition of agriculture to an innovative development path was given. Measures are proposed to reduce rural poverty as an essential condition for the modernization of the rural economy and the transition to innovative development of agribusiness.

Issue № 3, March 2021, article № 10

Trends and prospects for the development of rabbit farming in the central federal district

Rabbit farming is one of the promising and strategically important sectors of animal husbandry in the Russian Federation. The main products of this industry are dietary meat, the demand for which is growing due to the popularization of a healthy lifestyle in the world. Rabbit meat also belongs to white varieties of meat, and rabbit breeding products are recommended for all groups of the population, since it has hypoallergenic properties, that is, nutritional properties distinguish rabbit breeding products from other species. The relevance of the study is due to the need to analyze the key financial indicators of commercial rabbit-growing enterprises and to offer directions for improving their financial condition. Seven rabbit-breeding enterprises located in the Central Federal District were selected as the objects of the study, and the empirical base was compiled by public accounting data. Based on the results of the comparative analysis, groups of indicators of the financial situation and the results of the activities of the commercial rabbit-growing enterprises under consideration for the period 2017-2019 were identified and analyzed. The coefficients of financial stability, solvency and performance indicators of enterprises were considered. We believe that the proposed activities based on the results of the analysis will contribute to bringing the key financial indicators of industrial rabbit-growing enterprises to normative values, thereby increasing their attractiveness for investors, banks and suppliers of raw materials and materials, which will contribute to an increase in production volumes and, as a result, an increase in the supply of rabbit-growing products to meet the existing demand in the domestic market.

The new arctic strategy of russia and its impact on the food supply of the arctic yakutia population

On October 26, 2020, President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin approved the Development Strategy for the Arctic Zone of the Russian Federation, which defines the main directions for the development of a strategically important territory both nationally and economically for the period until 2035. The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the largest subject of the Russian Federation in terms of territory. At the same time, 52.2‰ of its area or 1608.8 thousand square meters. km are occupied by the Arctic regions with extreme natural and climatic conditions, low population density, the focal nature of industrial and economic development and the complete dependence of life support and activities on the seasonality of transport accessibility. The food market, its condition is among the main indicators of the quality of life of the population. At the same time, the current level of food consumption in the Arctic regions of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) does not fully meet, on the one hand, modern standards and requirements, and on the other, the needs of the population, taking into account their national and ethnic characteristics. All this leads to the urgent need to revise approaches to state regulation of the food supply system for the population of the Arctic region. The article emphasizes the relevance and timeliness of the approval of the Strategy. At the same time, the physical and economic availability of food for every citizen living in the Arctic should be considered not only at the expense of the northern supply - guaranteed provision of food to settlements, but also at the expense of the development of regional production - agricultural sectors. The tasks of improving the effectiveness of the regional agro-industrial complex in the Arctic, in particular traditional industries, will not only reduce part of the problem with ensuring the northern supply, but will also ensure qualitative changes in the standard of living of the population living in this territory.

A strategy of catch-up development of agricultural machinery in russia

The agricultural machinery industry in Russia is in a systemic crisis, as evidenced by the constantly shrinking machine-and-tractor fleet of the country, low production and export volumes of domestic agricultural machinery against increased imports or local assembly of foreign agricultural machines. This article presents the author's strategy of the development of agricultural machinery in Russia (the purpose of the study), which differs in its methodology from official strategies or ideas proposed by other scientists. To develop the main provisions of the strategic plan, the concept of catch-up economic development, knowledge in the field of innovation and technology management, strategic management and strategic marketing are used. With regard to the agricultural machinery industry, the following is formulated / developed: Russia's mission, strategic vision, values, strategic issues (based on SWOT analysis), strategic goals, strategic actions, or strategies. Low competitiveness of Russian agricultural machinery is recognized as the main strategic issue. In order to solve it, it is proposed to apply the following strategies within the framework of the catch-up development paradigm: the leapfrogging strategy, or bypass maneuver, and the triple helix strategy. The bypass maneuver consists in abandoning the improvement of the production of mechanical machines and moving to the development of smart, robotic agricultural machinery and the subsequent creation of a system of smart machines or a system of systems for the agro-industrial complex. The triple helix strategy, in its turn, is based on the triple helix innovation model and aims to create an effective national innovation system in the agro-industrial complex. For this, the formation of a national agrarian consortium in Russia is recommended (cooperation between science, business and government). Also, the following proposals have been made: to establish (i) a strategic partnership with the Republic of Belarus and (ii) the Eurasian agrarian consortium as an innovation system of the Eurasian Economic Union’s agro-industrial complex. Finally, this study underlines the importance of using business literature—management and marketing—in the preparation of economic strategies.

World-class russian scientific and educational centers as a tool for the development of agro-industrial complex

The article considers new forms of public private partnership in the implementation of high-tech projects. Scientific and educational centres established in the Russian Federation within the framework of the national project "Science" create conditions for investment and entrepreneurship in the agro-industrial complex. However, the creation of these centres presupposes the formation of specific features of public private partnership. As a format for implementing such a partnership in research and education centres, research and production platforms are used, which are specialized communication platforms and project team management centres that provide solutions to the centre’s tasks and include a portfolio of projects. The paper considers the established scientific educational centres of the Russian Federation in the agro-industrial complex, defines the tasks of their functioning. The mechanism of implementation of public-private partnership within the framework of scientific and educational centres of the world level is presented. The predicted dynamics of indicators of development of scientific and educational centres allows us to draw conclusions about the high degree of interest of the state authorities, regional authorities, universities and business representatives in this kind of cooperation. In this study, an algorithm for forming a portfolio of high-tech projects was developed, which allows at the initial stage, resorting to a highly qualified expert community and representatives of the state and business, to identify projects that can meet the needs of the agro-industrial complex of the Russian Federation and weed out all non-viable projects. It is proposed to monitor high-tech projects, which will allow at each stage of the project life cycle, to identify and identify problems, to correct the project. The formation of a stable link between state power, business, and regional universities in the Russian Federation will make it possible to more effectively solve the problems caused by the challenges of our time, both at the regional and Federal levels.

Management of anti-crisis digital transformation processes using the example of broiler production

The article deals with the management of anti-crisis digital transformation processes in broiler production. The relevance of the topic is determined by the increasing frequency of economic crises, the importance of maintaining the stability of this socially significant industry, the need for further improvement of crisis management methodology. As a new approach, the authors propose crisis management mechanism based not on the traditional consideration of program projects as a linear set, but on the use of a network approach and systemic crisis management with elements of digital transformation. In the course of the study, the following tasks were solved: 1) an organizational model for managing the digital anti-crisis transformation program based on a network approach is proposed; 2) peculiarities of poultry farms monitoring as the basis for developing an anti-crisis digital transformation program for this industry are identified; 3) a model of digital transformation of a poultry farm for using it as an anti-crisis management tool is worked out. Digital transformation is understood by the authors as a fundamental change in the logic and content of processes: it means the company's transition to project (program) management based on goal setting, systematic review and evaluation of each project contribution to the implementation of the program. As an anti-crisis program, it can affect the main problem areas: relations with the external environment; internal business processes; resource base, including material resources, human capital and corporate culture; finance. The proposed approach makes it possible to develop a method for prioritizing program projects based on the use of network analysis. It allows to allocate resources between program projects, to evaluate the probability of individual projects’ success and the program as a whole. This approach can be extended to other branches of the agro-industrial complex.