Approved in February 2019, the "Spatial Development Strategy of the Russian Federation until 2025" connects the development of agriculture of border geostrategic territories with consumer cooperation. State support and limited own means of producers lead to the creation of consumer cooperatives, the distinctive characteristics of which are, in addition to the purpose of the activity (meeting the material and other needs of the members of the cooperative), joint subsidiary liability, voting on the principle: one member - one vote, distribution of the result and restriction in the activities of associate members. The prevailing interests of associate members lead to an orientation towards investors, that is, capital gains. The creation and functioning of cooperatives should not be formal; true cooperatives could and should improve the efficiency of the production and financial activities of small forms of management of frontier geostrategic territories. In the process of creating a cooperative, it is necessary to strive for homogeneity of its members, since the performance and life expectancy of the cooperative are significantly influenced by the interests of its members and the constantly changing conditions of the external environment. Cooperatives arise only under the influence of urgent need; they cannot be created "from above" using administrative resources. When joining a cooperative, potential members should be clear about what problems can be solved by participating in the cooperative. The principles of the creation and functioning of cooperatives, as reflected in the current federal law, do not fully reflect the specifics of cooperative organizations. The joint subsidiary responsibility of the cooperative members for its obligations and law enforcement practices in this area limit the spread of cooperatives in the industry. Foreign experience demonstrates the possibility of limiting additional responsibility, as well as the presence of cooperatives without additional responsibility.
The article investigates the dynamics of world production of various types of meat (Wild game, Duck, Horse, Camel, Goose and guinea fowl, Sheep and Goat, Beef and Buffalo, Pigmeat) from 1961 to 2018 by main countries and regions (Russia, Oceania, Africa, Central America, South America, North America, Europe and Asia), as well as – global maps (for 2018) of meat consumption per capita in general and by type of meat. Based on the results of the OECD agricultural statistics databases (a collection of agricultural statistics that serve as the basis for quantitative assessment and analysis of the agricultural economy), forecasts of world meat production for the period 2021-2029 were analyzed, taking into account actual and expected changes in consumption by groups of countries (developed countries and countries that are developing). Based on actual data on the development of the world meat market and forecasts of agricultural statistics from the OECD, the probable risks and uncertainties affecting world meat markets in the next decade have been identified.
Peasant farms (PF) belonging to small forms of farming are equal subjects of agribusiness, since they are engaged in the food sector of the agro-industrial complex. They account for 10‰ of agricultural output. Effective management of the peasant (farm) economy is possible only if there is complete information characterizing all aspects of economic activity. The main source of operational and objective information in the development of production, the performance of business operations is accounting and reporting. Peasant (farm) farms independently determine the forms and method of accounting. The legal form of peasant farms will determine the difficulties associated with choosing the form of accounting. In order to identify areas for improving the quality of analytical support for PF activities, the authors assess the modern level of accounting organization and analyze the activities of peasant (farm) farms in the Saratov region. On the basis of the evaluation, the shortcomings of the existing accounting procedure were formulated and recommendations were made on the organization of accounting, which made it possible to increase the analyticity of the generated information. It was concluded that the composition of the reporting forms on the activities of PF has an impact on the analysis of the economic activities of farms.
The authors analyzed the economic efficiency of the primary and deep processing of flax, oilseed flax and technical hemp. Since 2010, there has been an annual increase in the acreage of bast crops, and the list of subjects of the Russian Federation that sow these crops is also increasing. However, flax growers have difficulty finding markets. Some enterprises export their products, while others diversify their production. There are also those who, having not found a market, do not work at full capacity, reducing the volume of processing. In the second half of 2020, due to a sharp drop in prices for long and short fiber, there was another deterioration in the financial condition of flax mills. Taking into account the difficult economic situation, the state of the industry and the material and technical base of processing enterprises, the article determines which bast crops are effectively grown, in what volume, on what technological equipment they are more efficiently processed, as well as what type of fiber will be profitable in modern economic conditions. Primary processing of flax into long and short fibers and deep processing of short fibers are profitable, with full provision of enterprises with raw materials. Deep processing of short flax fiber into cotonine significantly increases the profitability of production. Processing of technical hemp into the same type of hemp with its subsequent cotonization at existing sales prices is unprofitable, and the profitability of processing oilseed flax into the same type of fiber depends on the amount of capital costs for production.
A modern agro-industrial complex is represented as a complex agro economic system containing fundamental and interrelated spheres - agriculture, industries, closely related to agro-industrial production, and social sphere. The effectiveness of all rural areas will depend on their optimal and proportional development, the return of young people to the village, an increase in the employment of the rural population. The goal of the work is to develop the concept of regulating the employment of the rural population of the region, attracting youth to the village. The article discusses the problems of employment of the rural population and its regulation, presents the concept of regulating the employment of the rural labour market in the region. It is forcing the interconnected system for increasing the level of employment of the rural population.
It was revealed that an important factor influencing the attraction and retention of young specialists in the agricultural sector is the level of income. At the same time, the current state support measures are not able to attract young and ambitious specialists to the agricultural sector. In this connection, it is proposed to improve the existing methodological approach to attracting and retaining employees. It is based on the payment of a differentiated lump sum in the form of "lifting" for young professionals. On the basis of establishing differentiated payments, municipal districts are divided into groups, depending on the ratio of the average wage in the agricultural sector to the subsistence minimum.
In modern conditions, the development of agriculture depends on various factors. The most important factors affecting agricultural production are unmanageable by humans despite the development of science, technology and technology. The purpose of the work is to identify the systemic factors of agricultural development that ensure the priority of the industry, and the degree of their influence on agricultural production. The article presents an analysis of the system factors that influence the location, specialization of agriculture and the optimal size of agricultural organizations and, in general, the economy of the industry. The organizational and economic conditions of agricultural development are revealed. The article proves that the process of automation, digitalization, introduction of scientific and technological progress to solve the problem of managing the system factors of agriculture, unfortunately, is impossible. Therefore, the dependence of agricultural production on natural factors remains.
The Siberian Federal District (SFD) is the largest grain producer in Russia. The conducted research of the grain market revealed a number of organizational and economic problems that have a negative impact on its development. The solution to the problems is seen in the improvement of the organizational and economic mechanism of the functioning of the grain market of the Siberian Federal District. The conditions for the development of the grain market of the SFD are defined, as well as the fundamental regulatory documents regulating it are indicated. The purpose and main tasks, priority directions of development of the grain complex and the grain market in the SFD, the projected production and export volumes until 2025 are defined. The necessity of improving the organizational and economic mechanism of functioning of the grain market of the SFD is justified. The role of the state in the functioning of the agri-food market is determined, and the main levers of the state's influence on the grain market are presented. It is noted that an important direction of the organizational and economic mechanism is the application of the program-target approach. Organizational and economic measures aimed at the development of the grain market of the Siberian Federal District, stimulating supply and demand, regulating prices, developing competition in the grain market, creating conditions for the development of infrastructure, interregional and interstate food relations, and the use of marketing are proposed.
The development of agricultural organizations in the Novosibirsk region, despite a number of positive trends in crop and livestock production, is characterized by a decrease in the efficiency of activities. With an improvement in quality indicators, a decrease in the efficiency of agricultural production may be associated with problems of financial management and the activities of the organization as a whole. Internal control is one of the most important management functions of an economic entity, and its weak organization can have a negative impact on all aspects of the organization's functioning. To study the state of the internal control system, agricultural organizations specializing in the production of poultry products and organizations specializing in the production of grain, milk and meat were selected. The reason for choosing these organizations for the study was the opportunity to analyze the features of the formation of the internal control system, taking into account the size and specialization of the organization. The studied organizations have management problems that hinder development, reduce the efficiency of sales, financial and other aspects of activities, which predetermined the construction of a risk-oriented system that would improve the efficiency of internal control. The aim of the study is to develop directions for improving the internal control system in agricultural organizations. The article discusses the theoretical foundations of the formation of an internal control system in agricultural organizations and presents a set of its elements, reflecting the specifics of functioning. The current practice of forming an internal control system in agricultural organizations of the Novosibirsk region is assessed. The problems of functioning of the internal control system in agricultural organizations are revealed and the directions of their solution are determined. A methodology for the formation of a risk-oriented internal control system for agricultural organizations has been developed.
In the conditions of unstable economic relations and constantly changing external conditions, the primary task of the state was and remains – the health of the nation. This task is solved through a number of directions, one of which is to ensure conditions in which the population has all the opportunities to meet their needs for basic food in the amount not lower than the recommended norms. This important task was set for the regions. The main focus was on increasing production volumes. The authors considered this problem from the point of view of the availability of these food products to the population, based on their monetary income. The study was conducted in several stages: the study of a number of indicators for the district and the identification of the most significant, comparing them using correlation analysis. As a result of the obtained data, we can conclude that the dominant influence of the standard of living of the population of the region (the average per capita monetary income of the population) on the level of food consumption. Indicators of the necessary per capita monetary income of the population to ensure consumption not lower than the recommended norms for each region of the Siberian Federal District were calculated.