Flax production is being considered in the Bryansk, Pskov, Smolensk, Vitebsk, Gomel and Mogilev regions. These regions are geographically regions of the Russian-Belarusian border area. The relevance of the research topic is due to historical traditions, accumulated experience in the development of the flax sector of the economy, and modern scientific and technological capabilities in this field. In addition, linen fabrics and flax products for other industries contribute to the process of import substitution. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to reveal the potential of these regions and their prospects in the flax sector. The article briefly discusses the rich cultural and historical foundations of the development of flax production in the border regions. Based on statistical data, the indicators of the development of the flax sector in the Russian-Belarusian border area have been studied: the acreage of flax, the yield, the gross harvest of flax, the production of linen fabrics and others. The regions were compared according to these indicators. The current state and prospects of the flax industry development in the regions of the Russian-Belarusian border are analyzed. At the same time, the peculiarities (scientific, technological, personnel) of each region in this sector of the economy are highlighted. The regions were compared according to these indicators. The current state and prospects of the flax industry development in the regions of the Russian-Belarusian border are analyzed. At the same time, the peculiarities (scientific, technological, personnel) of each region in this sector of the economy are highlighted. A comparison of flax products from three Russian and one Belarusian enterprises is carried out: its positive aspects and some disadvantages are considered. An analysis of the discussion on the development of the flax industry showed significant efforts by scientists from Russia and Belarus aimed at breeding flax seeds, increasing its yield, and preserving the environment. In conclusion, conclusions are drawn on the prospects for the development of this sector in the Russian and Belarusian regions, as well as cross-border cooperation of flax enterprises.
The article substantiates the need to provide the population with dairy products according to rational standards. Insufficient levels of population consumption of dairy products and self-sufficiency in milk were noted. The regions of the Russian Federation were grouped according to the level of consumption of dairy products by the population (in terms of milk) in 2023. A significant differentiation in the consumption of dairy products by the population of various regions of the Russian Federation has been revealed. The factors that influence the amount of consumption of milk and dairy products are highlighted: the volume of domestic milk production, household incomes, prices for milk and dairy products, habits of the population, the level of development of the market infrastructure. The indicator of purchasing power of the population by region is calculated, which is correlated with the amount of consumption of dairy products in the regions of the Russian Federation. The regions of the Russian Federation were grouped according to the level of milk production per capita in 2023. The relationship between consumption and milk production in the region has been established. The formation of groups of regions by production per capita occurred due to the influence of factors such as population size, productivity and cow population. The results of the two groupings allowed us to identify 5 types of regions of the Russian Federation, depending on the ratio of consumption and production. It is concluded that it is necessary to develop measures to ensure the physical and economic accessibility of dairy products for the population of various regions of the Russian Federation.
The article is devoted to the analysis of the problems and prospects of infrastructure development in rural agglomerations of the Kamchatka Territory, which are subject to significant transport constraints. Based on identified spatial disparities in the availability of basic transport, social, and digital infrastructure, the study reveals systemic barriers to development, including the seasonality of transport links, high remoteness from key administrative centers, and extreme climatic conditions. It is demonstrated that conventional unified models of infrastructure development are ineffective for rural areas with specific geographical characteristics. The paper substantiates the need to shift to an adaptive and resilient planning model focused on the integration of autonomous solutions, digitalization of key processes, and the creation of multimodal logistics systems. Practice-oriented mechanisms for enhancing infrastructure potential are proposed, based on the principles of prioritization and comprehensiveness, allowing for the formation of a coherent strategy for territorial development under limited transport accessibility. It is concluded that the implementation of such approaches is essential to overcoming spatial isolation, improving the quality of life, and ensuring the sustainable socio-economic growth of rural areas in Kamchatka.
One of the most pressing problems of rural development is rural population life quality improving. Due to the lack of a unified approach to defining and measuring the quality of life in modern science, the authors propose a structure of factors that have the greatest impact on the quality of life, as well as a system of indicators to evaluate it. They cover the demographic, labour, social, household and infrastructural rural population life spheres. The studies were conducted on the materials of the regions of the Siberian Federal District. In the course of the work, positive and negative trends in changing the quality of life of the rural population of the regions under consideration, as well as the strengths and weaknesses of rural areas as a place of residence and economic activity were identified. The complexity of the concept of "Quality of Life" doesn’t allow all the necessary measures to improve it to fit into the framework of a single national project, which brings to the forefront effective interdepartmental interaction of government authorities at all levels. This requires the rural population life quality improving unified strategy development both at the federal and regional levels, which will allow setting a unified system of goals, objectives and basic mechanisms for all involved institutions and organizations. In this regard, the authors propose a set of strategic directions for improving the quality of life of the rural population, covering its main aspects and considering this concept comprehensively, in the unity and interrelation of all its components. Taking into account regional specifics, manifested in the choice of mechanisms for implementing strategic directions and building their hierarchy, will increase the effectiveness of the implementation of National Projects related to rural areas and will lead to an improvement in the quality of life of the rural population.
The primary focus lies on systematizing and contrasting key directions of agricultural policy, sources and volumes of funding, priority recipients of state support, as well as the organizational and institutional structures responsible for policy implementation. Mechanisms of targeted producer support, the specifics of developing traditional forms of farming (with emphasis on nomadic pastoralism in Mongolia), subsidy and credit programs, and project-oriented policy instruments (in the FEFD – programs such as the "Far Eastern Hectare," Territories of Advanced Development (TAD), "Agro-startup") are examined in detail. Particular emphasis is placed on assessing the role of international donor organizations in Mongolia and the effectiveness of regional coordination in both cases. The conducted analysis revealed a divergence of models: Mongolia, despite its limited resource base, demonstrates a high degree of targeting and adaptability of policy interventions to the specifics of the nomadic way of life. At the same time, Russia's FEFD possesses substantial financial potential; however, it faces institutional constraints, fragmentation of support measures, and pronounced regional differentiation in their implementation. Based on the identified indicators, the potential for relevant borrowing of specific elements of Mongolian experience into Russian agricultural practice is justified, particularly in the spheres of sustainable pastureland management, support for small-scale farming, and ensuring human resource sustainability in rural areas. The conclusion is drawn regarding the high significance of developing cross-border dialogue and institutionalized exchange of proven practices for achieving sustainable rural development goals in both states.
Transformation of regional food systems into sustainable development mode is important both for ensuring sustainability of food security and sustainability of our state. Based on the concepts of strong and weak sustainability of reproduction process, this work identifies signs of sustainable development and implements a typology of regional food systems, which can be observed during implementation of the strategy for transition of these systems to sustainable development mode. This article also mathematically formalizes provisions on criteria for sustainable development at regional and national levels. The presented criteria are applicable for any point in time, and therefore, under trajectory of sustainable development, an approximation by smooth analytical function, for example, a power or logarithmic one, is proposed. It is noted that in this case, signs of exponent or coefficient in logarithmic expression will be indicators of presence or absence of signs of sustainable development on a interval [0; T]. The criteria for sustainable development of food systems can be used to solve such problems as retrospective analysis, evaluation of forecast trajectory options and simulation experiments using various model designs, for multi-criteria optimization in dynamic models. In conclusion, conditions were outlined that must be met for a quantitative solution to problems of strategic planning for food systems development, namely: selection of appropriate dynamics variables; selection of criteria in economic, environmental and social areas; quantitative description of missing but necessary dependencies; compliance of sustainable development plan options with analyzed scenarios; scenario analysis should identify conditions and the very possibility of obtaining Pareto-optimal solutions.
The article examines various aspects of Russian agricultural sector financial support in the context of the country's inclusion in international economic relations system (within the economic and economic-political unions to which the Russian Federation is a member), in particular: the level of financial support for agriculture, the dynamics of investment processes in the industry, the level of support for scientific and technological development. The assessment was carried out on the basis of statistical data and indicators calculated on their basis for the period provided with relevant digital information in the system of international databases. Summarizing the information obtained on the basis of the reviewed statistical data and calculated indicators, we can say that state support for agricultural science and education in the CIS and EAEU countries is characterized by a shortage of financial resources, which does not fully contribute to the dynamic development of the agricultural sector, as well as ensuring food security, industry competitiveness, and consolidating leading positions in the global agricultural market. The promising parameters of financial and economic support for the Russian agricultural sector in the system of international economic relations include: 1) formation of a favorable investment climate in agriculture; 2) improvement of tools and mechanisms for providing state support to the agricultural sector, including in terms of scientific and technological support, on a unified methodological basis.
А theoretical analysis of methodological approaches and models used to determine the impact of digital solutions on the performance of agricultural enterprises has been carried out. A financial model for determining profits by agricultural enterprises of the Altai Territory has been developed. А financial model for determining profits by agricultural enterprises of the Altai Territory has been developed. А sample survey of the economic entities of agriculture in the Altai Territory was conducted and the average parameters of the impact of digital technologies on the results of their activities were determined. Forecasts of the development of economic entities of the industry have been fulfilled, taking into account the use of digital solutions.
The article examines the problem of risk-oriented management of regional labour resources and employment, due to the expected decrease in the number of people employed in agriculture, an increase in the need for digital knowledge and competencies of agricultural workers, and the development of digital (remote, platform) employment. The purpose of the article is to develop a model for assessing and managing digital labour risks associated with imbalances in the formation of labour resources in the context of digitalization and leading to additional expenditures by budgets and extra-budgetary funds to eliminate the consequences of imbalance in labour and employment. The model is described, its structural and functional representation. The study is based on a risk-based approach. Traditional methods of analysis and synthesis, collection of primary information, probabilistic method of quantitative risk assessment, expert assessment method were applied. To assess the risks of virtual labour migration, the author's methodology for assessing the economic damage of the region was proposed. The results of the model are areas of unbalanced development of the region's labour resources and quantitative assessments of the digital labour risks associated with them. The results obtained are the basis for drawing up regional and state plans, programs, and strategies for the development of labour resources, the implementation of which will balance employment and minimize the costs of the budget system. The practical implementation of the research results will contribute to the growth of rural employment in the context of digitalization and will have a positive impact on the sustainable development of rural areas.
Of great importance for achieving the strategic goals of agricultural development in the sphere of ensuring harmonization of physical and economic availability at the level of rational consumption standards are the factors of reproduction and purchasing power of population income. The multidirectionality of these factors in the process of solving food problems enhances the importance of state support as a key instrument of agricultural policy. The goal is to substantiate the parameters of state support that ensure the achievement of the strategic goals of agricultural development. Research methods – analytical calculations, econometric modeling and experimental calculations. Groups of logarithmic models for describing the parameters of reproduction, purchasing power of population income and state support of agriculture are obtained, taking into account rent factors. The elasticity coefficients of the models show a high probability of balancing domestic demand at the "desired" level due to supply from domestic producers using subsidies associated with aspects of food security. The novelty lies in the fact that the theory of state regulation of the agrarian economy in market conditions is supplemented by provisions on the multifunctionality of the role of state support, consisting in stimulating the growth of volumes and reducing the cost of a unit of its output. Scientific developments allow us to describe the parameters of the trinity of cost recovery (profitability), purchasing power of the population's income and state support, which contribute to the convergence of physical and economic accessibility at the level of healthy nutrition standards. Such parameters can complement the target and resource indicators of the state program for agriculture. Scientific results will serve the developers of documents on strategic planning in the agro-industrial complex as tools for substantiating management decisions at the goal-setting stage.