In the context of global economic changes and the need to transition to sustainable development of the agricultural sector, human capital management is becoming a key factor in improving the efficiency and competitiveness of agriculture. The result of the study was an assessment of the human capital management system in the agricultural ecosystem of the Republic of Tatarstan. The authors have identified the strengths and weaknesses, opportunities and risks of the current human capital management system of the Republic of Tatarstan. The article presents the main directions of improving the human capital management system - the introduction of new technologies and digital solutions in agricultural production; the development of education, infrastructure of life in rural settlements, cooperation between the state, science, education and agricultural enterprises; the use of rural opportunities of nearby industrial centers, the formation of programs to attract labor capital from nearby regions. The application of the proposed recommendations will ensure the improvement of working conditions and increase the social sustainability of the agricultural ecosystem of the Republic of Tatarstan.
The incorporation of nations into the BRICS+ international association is driven by a multifaceted rationale, encompassing not only political and economic considerations, but also the objective of implementing consensus solutions within the realm of environmental affairs. A central concern is the development of a unified system of decision-making and implementation within the context of climate change regulation. The accumulated experience of individual countries in implementing climate projects may become a prerequisite for the successful dissemination of appropriate technologies and methods of climate project management among all BRICS+ participants and, in particular, in Russia. The objective of this article is twofold: first, to provide a concise overview of the leading BRICS+ countries' experiences in implementing agro-climatic projects; and second, to identify the opportunities and barriers to the dissemination of these projects throughout the BRICS+ countries, with a particular focus on Russia. The objective of the present study is twofold: firstly, to identify the characteristic features of agro-climatic projects, and secondly, to generalize the experience of the BRICS+ countries and identify the prospects and barriers to their development in Russia. The article demonstrates the role of the BRICS+ countries in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions in agriculture, identifies the leading emitting countries, and recognizes the leaders in the implementation of agro-climatic projects, which primarily include China, India, and Brazil. Despite the limited experience in implementing agro-climatic projects in Russia, opportunities exist to draw from the experience of BRICS+ countries in implementing coordinated policies and developing infrastructure for effective technology and knowledge dissemination. The article under scrutiny herein underscores the following salient points:
Scientific support to the development of the Agro-Industrial Complex is provided by various research institutions and their activities are evaluated using bibliometric indicators reflecting the quantitative and qualitative characteristics of the effectiveness of scientific research. The effectiveness of scientific activity at 216 agricultural research institutions was studied by the publication activity of the organization, the availability of databases of staff publications on the websites of research institutions, information on inventions and patents. There is information on research activity on the websites of 156 scientific organizations of the agro-industrial complex, and there are 84 websites with data on scientific publications. The bibliometric indicators were analyzed for 78 organizations, as many research institutions are branches or separate subdivisions of a superior institution and have a less informative website. The largest number of publications (9092) and the highest citation impact were noted in the Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center of the Siberian Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences (28604). Full texts of scientific papers of the staff are available on the websites of 46 research institutions, 38 research institutions publish scientific journals and provide open access to them on the website. The patent documents are posted on the websites of 49 research institutions.
The production of competitive products and the building of agricultural potential are largely determined by the availability of optimal regional sectoral specialization based on the rational division of labor, taking into account the available land, labor and production resources. Priority development should be given to those industries with the most favorable bioclimatic potential. The optimal combination and selection of industries in the regions, in accordance with the use of favorable natural, climatic and economic conditions, with the advanced development of the leading industry, ensure a significant increase in the profitability of the entire agricultural production. Agricultural production in the Siberian Federal District is aimed at implementing the main principle of agrarian policy - ensuring the country's food security and import substitution of agricultural products and foodstuffs. The main food resources of Siberia that contribute to national security are grain and its processed products; meat of livestock and poultry; milk and dairy products; potatoes and vegetables. The solution of the tasks assigned to the agro-industrial complex largely depends on the priorities chosen and measures of state support.
The current agrarian policy in relation to small business forms in the current geopolitical conditions does not provide them with expanded reproduction. Most of them carry out low-profit or unprofitable production. To develop their activities, it is not enough to support individual producers; agricultural cooperation is an effective direction. Currently, the activities of agricultural consumer cooperatives are limited, as a rule, by the region of their location, they are small in number of members, and they have insufficient fixed and working capital. Ensuring the priority of agricultural cooperation in the areas of state agrarian policy contributes to the support of various types of cooperatives, in particular supply and service cooperatives, and an increase in their volumes and directions.
In the current conditions of anti-Russian sanctions for agricultural business, its further systematic functioning does not seem possible without developed agriculture, which is the main component of economic potential and has a significant impact on the well-being of the country's population. For the agricultural sector to develop successfully, regulation and support of this sector of the economy from the state is necessary. In this article, the authors define the features of the development of agricultural production in Russia as a whole, present and analyze the indicators of agricultural output in recent years. An analysis of the indicators of the volume of state support for agricultural production in Russia is carried out, and the leading regions in terms of the amount of budget funding allocated to them are identified. The structure of distributed federal subsidies between the districts of Russia in 2024 is clearly presented. The authors note that agricultural regions located in favorable climatic conditions are not always distinguished by an effective organization of agricultural production and are leaders in receiving budget subsidies. In the article, the authors outline the current new main directions of state support for agricultural producers in Russia. The efficiency of agricultural production development is inextricably linked with the use of modern digital technologies, and the state should support the introduction of these modern science-intensive technologies in the agro-industrial complex.
The article is devoted to assessing the investment attractiveness of agriculture in Russia and the EAEU member states. The authors consider the existing scientific and practical approaches to determining and evaluating investment attractiveness. It is noted that these approaches practically do not take into account the peculiarities of agriculture, as well as the impact of the development of integration processes on investment activity. The authors consider the main directions of the economic development of the EAEU until 2030, emphasizing the importance of investment cooperation between the countries and increasing their investment attractiveness. The authors propose an algorithm for assessing the investment attractiveness of agriculture in the EAEU member states. The indices of investment potentials (land, labor, production, consumer, financial) and financial, economic and social risks of the EAEU member states has been assessed over the past ten years. The assessment of the investment attractiveness of agriculture in the EAEU member states based on the proposed methodology showed that the leader in the rating is the Republic of Belarus, whose investment potential indicators are at a high level. In 2024, the Russian Federation is in second place, with a high level of consumer and labor potential, as well as a low level of investment risks. The third place is occupied by the Republic of Kazakhstan, which has significant land potential and minimal financial, economic and social risks. The agricultural sector of the Republics of Armenia and Kyrgyzstan has low investment attractiveness. The decomposition by potentials and risks revealed positive trends and problems to increase investment attractiveness and enhance investment activity in the EAEU.
The article examines some theoretical and practical aspects of development institutions and their impact on the formation of social, economic and technological structures in agro-industrial production. Considering approaches to the concept of "way of life", it is noted that it is advisable to adjust the policy of forming development institutions in the agro-industrial complex due to the distortion in the structure of the financial market and the actual predominance of the credit system that arose during the formation of the market model of the economy. It is noted that the actions of the Central Bank of the Russian Federation, which can and should be considered not only as a financial market mega-regulator, but also as a development institution, to reduce entrepreneurial activity in 2022-2024 by overestimating the key rate negatively affected the level of innovation activity of agricultural producers, as well as a decrease in the share of agricultural organizations., carrying out technological innovations in production.
The methodological approach to assessing the effects of clustering for residents of an agro-industrial park is aimed at identifying the operational efficiency of the organization within this structure, determining the effects of resource concentration, the presence of which confirms the long-term efficiency of the organization within the agro-industrial park and the effects associated with tax deductions that characterize the social effects of the organization. Summarizing the results obtained, it should be noted that the analysis of the implemented projects of agro-industrial parks in Russia allows us to identify projects at different stages of implementation; for projects that started more than 10 years ago, it is typical to have residents from large businesses. The assessment of clustering effects for residents of agro-industrial parks showed that projects at the maturity stage have resource concentration, excess of gross cost-benefit ratios over industry averages, and excess of tax deductions over industry averages. The conducted studies confirm the effectiveness of network coordination of the functioning of business entities operating in the field of agriculture and food production; this form of coordination can be an alternative to hierarchical holding forms. The characteristics of the effectiveness of activities within agro-industrial parks can lead to the migration of business entities and the formation of a certain specialization of the region.
The article considers the main directions of grain market development in the Siberian Federal District and in the Novosibirsk Region in particular are analyzed. Particular attention is paid to the development of interstate grain relations (export). Additional incentives for the development of interstate and interregional grain relations were found in grain production in connection with the adoption of the federal project "Export of Agricultural Products". The article presents the main factors hindering the development of grain exports. Possible prospects for the development of grain product markets in the regions of the Siberian Federal District are determined. In the coming years, the priority in the development of grain product exports should be a shift in emphasis from grain export to increasing the export of deep industrial processing grain products with high added value (flour, compound feed, etc.), as well as diversification of raw material exports (export of winter rye, legumes and other grains). For agricultural producers, the problem of simplifying access to interregional and external (foreign) markets, providing infrastructure support for interstate grain relations that do not require additional transaction costs from grain producers is currently relevant. An important role in solving this problem is played by effective and efficient marketing.