The development of industrial horticulture: problems and their solutions

Issue № 5, 2024, article № 8, pages 77-84

Language: Russian

Original language title: РАЗВИТИЕ ПРОМЫШЛЕННОГО САДОВОДСТВА: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ИХ РЕШЕНИЯ

Keywords: INDUSTRIAL GARDENING, AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATIONS, FARMS, PLACEMENT, REPRODUCTION OF PLANTINGS, INTEGRATION, STATE SUPPORT

Abstract: The article examines the state, trends and problems of the development of industrial horticulture in Russia, which is concentrated in agricultural organizations and farms, and suggests ways to solve them. Over the years of the implementation of the State Program for the development of agriculture in these farms, the gross harvest of fruits and berries increased by 1039.7 thousand tons, or 153.3%, the area of orchards and berry fields - by 17.1 thousand hectares, or 11.0%. However, the achieved level of fruit and berry production will not allow ensuring food security in the field of fruit consumption: the level of self-sufficiency is 44.9% with a threshold value of 60.0%, economic accessibility is 63.0% with a standard of 100%. Imports play a significant role in fruit consumption.The reproduction of plantings, that is, the replacement of old orchards and berry orchards and the creation of intensive high-yielding plantations based on horticulture, which will achieve their optimal structure and dramatically reduce the uncollected area of fruit-bearing plantations; the cultivation of high-quality certified planting material of varieties of fruit and berry crops adapted to the conditions, will contribute to an increase in the production of fruits and berries in agricultural organizations and farmsof our country, which will reduce its imports; strengthening the storage base and integration within the enterprise of fruit production, storage and processing, which will make it possible to rationally use all grown fruit and berry products; creation of consumer cooperatives for the storage and sale of fruits; improvement of the state support system for horticulture, providing for an increase in budget allocations and changing the conditions for allocating subsidies.

Authors: Kulikov Ivan Mikhailovich, Minakov Ivan Alekseevich, Tumaeva Tatiana Aleksandrovna