Economic mechanisms for securing specialists in rural areas

Issue № 6, 2020, article № 6, pages 50-64

Section: Development of rural territories

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ МЕХАНИЗМЫ ЗАКРЕПЛЕНИЯ СПЕЦИАЛИСТОВ НА СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЯХ

Keywords: RURAL TERRITORIES, MECHANISMS OF CONSOLIDATION, YOUNG SPECIALIST, HUMAN RESOURCE POTENTIAL, SOCIAL INFRASTRUCTURE

Abstract: In modern conditions, there is a problem of attracting specialists, including young ones, to work and live permanently in rural areas. The problem is not immediate and exists for many decades, during which it was not only not solved, but also worsened, showing the ineffectiveness of existing mechanisms for attracting and fixing. We can't say that this problem exists only on the territory of Russia. Many countries of the world have faced it in a tight situation. Each of them is characterized by its own solution path, based on economic and social goals. The problem of attracting qualified labour resources to the village cannot be separated from the village itself and its socio-economic development. This article presents and analyzes the existing mechanisms for securing specialists in rural areas in Russia and other countries. The purpose of the study was to determine all the existing socio-economic mechanisms for attracting and retaining specialists in rural areas. The reduction of rural residents is not so much due to the natural loss of population, but due to the constant migration of young rural residents to urban agglomerations. This reduction leads to the desertification of the territory, the aging of the population, and the reduction of the skilled labour force, which hinders the development of agriculture – a key economic component of rural development. Based on the study of foreign experience, analysis of current legislation and development programs, and long-term surveys of rural residents, additional mechanisms for stimulating the population's involvement in rural areas are proposed. The key factors for attracting young professionals to the village are the availability of employment, accessibility and comfort of housing, provision of social facilities and services (kindergarten, school, FAP, etc.), and the level of transport infrastructure.

Authors: Polukhina Marina Gennadevna