Trends and strategic prospects for the development of Russian beekeeping

Issue № 5, 2026, article № 9, pages 69-73

Language: Russian

Original language title: ТЕНДЕНЦИИ И СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИЕ ПЕРСПЕКТИВЫ РАЗВИТИЯ РОССИЙСКОГО ПЧЕЛОВОДСТВА

Keywords: SWOT-АНАЛИЗ, BEEKEEPING, NUMBER OF BEE COLONIES, HONEY PRODUCTION, TECHNOLOGICAL TRANSFORMATION, AUTOMATION, GENETICS, ROBOTICS, SWOT ANALYSIS, ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC MECHANISM

Abstract: Beekeeping is a important industry for Russia, integrating agriculture, ecology, and biotechnology. Bees perform an irreplaceable ecosystem pollination function, but in recent years, there has been a steady decline in the number of bee colonies and a low technological level of the industry. The object of the research is the beekeeping industry of the Russian Federation. The study is based on a synthesis of quantitative data (dynamics of the number of bee colonies and honey production for 2019–2024) and qualitative descriptions (industry functions, applied technologies, breed composition). The main tool of strategic analysis was the SWOT method. It was found that the number of bee colonies decreased by 444 thousand in 2019–2024 and amounted to 2.538 million in 2024. Commercial honey production has stabilized at 64–67 thousand tons per year. More than 90% of bee colonies are kept in household farms, which determines the small-scale nature of production. Regional features and the main bee breeds (Central Russian, Carpathian, Caucasian) are identified. Technological drivers of transformation are identified: automation, biotechnology, robotics. Based on the SWOT analysis, four strategic directions (SO, ST, WO, WT) are developed. The key factor for the sustainable development of the industry is the formation of an effective organizational and economic mechanism that combines market instruments with state regulation. Technological modernization, state support, and the development of cooperation will allow Russian beekeeping to overcome current challenges and realize its significant potential.

Authors: Komlatskii Grigorii Vasilevich, Tereshchenko Galina Alekseevna, Komlatskaia Mariia Grigorevna