Research methods of assessment of economic efficiency of available food and agrobiotechnology in domestic and foreign science and practice.

Issue № 10, 2025, article № 8, pages 71-79

Language: Russian

Original language title: ИССЛЕДОВАНИЕ МЕТОДОВ ОЦЕНКИ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ НАИЛУЧШИХ ДОСТУПНЫХ ПИЩЕВЫХ И АГРОБИОТЕХНОЛОГИЙ В ОТЕЧЕСТВЕННОЙ И ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ НАУКЕ И ПРАКТИКЕ

Keywords: BEST AVAILABLE TECHNOLOGIES, AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, INVESTMENT FEASIBILITY ANALYSIS, LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT, ECO-EFFICIENCY, BIOTECHNOLOGY, PRECISION AGRICULTURE, ECONOMETRIC ANALYSIS, MULTI-CRITERIA DECISION ANALYSIS, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT

Abstract: The aim of the study is to systematize current methods for assessing the economic efficiency of the best available food and agri-biotechnologies in domestic and international science and practice. The research applies methods of comparative analysis, systematization, and critical evaluation of scientific publications focused on the economic and environmental effectiveness of best available technologies (BAT). A classification-based approach was also employed to identify and group methods according to their orientation and application area. The empirical base includes regulatory documents, in particular, methodological guidelines for identifying technologies as BAT, national standards (GOST), and scientific publications on biotechnology, precision agriculture, organic waste processing, alternative protein sources, and more. The study examines methods such as investment feasibility analysis, life cycle environmental impact assessment, life cycle costing, multi-criteria decision analysis (MCDA), stochastic analysis, cluster analysis, among others. The findings demonstrate that integration of several methods enables assessment of both the financial and environmental viability of technology adoption. For example, in the case of cultivated meat, key indicators include both unit production cost and carbon footprint, which necessitates a shift from narrow economic assessment to eco-efficiency evaluation. The use of stochastic frontier analysis and clustering methods reveals that differences in farm efficiency are influenced not only by technology type, but also by the degree of its adoption. Overall, the systematization of methods for evaluating the efficiency of BAT indicates a clear trend toward transitioning from isolated economic indicators to comprehensive, data-driven approaches that combine economic and environmental metrics and validate results through empirical evidence.

Authors: Sedova Nadezhda Vasilevna