The achieving sustainable development should be a target setting and a unique competence for each rural territory of our country. The categorically new content of forming the concept of sustainable rural development is the expansion of the scale and processes of digitalization and informatization in agriculture and rural areas, innovative development of agro-industrial sectors, optimization of agricultural technologies, the use of robotic and automated management and production systems. The article goes on to consider that digital technologies are one of the key factors of sustainable development of rural areas. The assessment of the current state of innovation activities of rural producers and the development of informatization processes in rural areas of the Nonchernozem zone of the Republic of Bashkortostan is carried out. The article has a word about a foresight forecast of the long-term implementation of digital technologies in rural areas of the considered zone of the region. «Leaders» («reference») and «outsiders» («target») rural municipalities, based on the results of the foresight of the formed expert focus groups, were identified by the level of digital technology development at the zonal level. Summing up the actual achieved level of economic development directly affects the processes of introduction of digital and information technologies in the studied rural areas. Upcoming trends for the introduction of digital technologies in rural areas and agriculture in the Nonchernozem zone of the region have been formed. It is summarized that the use of foresight technologies allows us to quantify the impact of the level of digitalization on the sustainable development of rural areas in the new technological way.
The stability and safety analysis in a single link is due to their proximity and orientation, as they complement each other in a certain way. Timely identification of threats and risks to the economic security of agricultural enterprises increases the level of food security, which determines the relevance of the research topic. Data on monitoring threats to economic security of rural territories of the arid region of the Republic of Kalmykia are given. An integrated approach to assessing the economic security of rural areas is proposed, which includes not only quantitative indicators of the activities of agricultural enterprises, but also an assessment of the level of socio ecological and economic threats, which will allow taking into account the specifics of the rural territories of the region, its natural, environmental, sectoral, ethnocultural, ethno-confessional features. The proposed methodology allows assessing threats to the economic security of a rural municipality using integral indicators based on the results of agricultural enterprises located in this territory and socio-ecological-economic indicators of a rural municipality. The use of an effective scientific methodology would make it possible to objectively assess the risks and threats to economic security that have a different nature of emergence and to rank rural municipalities of the republic according to the level of threats to economic security on the basis of the developed integral indicator.
In recent years, there have been a number of positive trends in agriculture: the volume of agricultural production is increasing, Russia's position as an exporter of agricultural products in the world markets is strengthening, and profitability of production is increasing in some activities. However, the agricultural sector is still characterized by weak innovation activity. In the context of agriculture, it is manifested primarily in the low rates of technical and technological modernization of production and low-productivity activities of participants in the innovation process. The transition to an innovative way of managing will allow us to modernize and increase the productivity of the material and technical base, introduce new technologies for processing raw materials into the activities of agricultural enterprises, and create original types of products. Innovations also involve modernizing the forms of organization of financial, managerial, marketing and other activities of agricultural producers. In the context of the socio-economic consequences of the acceleration of innovative development will increase the competitiveness of domestic products, increase the income of farmers and improve living standards of the rural population, will contribute to the achievement of food security of the country. In this regard, it is worth paying additional attention to the theoretical aspects of innovation in the industry and comprehensively characterizes the impact of innovation activity on the development of the agricultural sector.
The purpose of the article is to present the current situation of agricultural cooperatives, their impact on the development of the agricultural sector, and to identify problems and priorities in financing the agricultural sector through agricultural cooperatives. The developed proposals are aimed at developing the activities of agricultural cooperatives, contributing to the development of peasant farms and improving the social and economic condition of communities, which will allow the production of agricultural products, their competitiveness and accessibility, which will increase the level of food security of the country. Granting benefits to agricultural cooperatives in terms of co-financing by the state in the amount of 20‰ instead of 10‰, amending the laws on agricultural cooperation will increase their profitability and attractiveness for new members and investors.
The article presents an analysis on the validity of the implementation of procurement commodity interventions to protect and support local agricultural producers in the food market of Yakutia. The aim of the authors of this work lies in the practical application of the system of procurement commodity interventions of the Republican food Fund as the most effective tool of state regulation of the market of local agricultural products. The objectives of the article are: based on the analysis of existing foreign and domestic state procurement interventions, as well as last amended by the decree of the Government of the Russian Federation to develop proposals and to justify the implementation of procurement commodity interventions in the country. The urgency of the procurement promotion intervention in the Republic derives from territorial and economic specifics of Russia: the remoteness of many regions from the centre, poor regional transport infrastructure, the non-equilibrium nature of the technological processes in food production on areas and seasons of the year in many Northern regions of the country pose the necessity of using the Federal technology for state regulation of market of agricultural products. In research were used such methods as scientific comparisons, observations and the collection of factual materials, analysis and synthesis, systematic approach, and statistical reporting. The authors on the basis of conducted scientific research on the topics of food security and food safety in Yakutia, based on the analysis of the food market in the region and experiences commodity interventions in Russia schematically recommend the algorithm of procurement commodity interventions in the country and give the relevant final proposals and conclusions.
The processes of transformation of market management mechanisms in agribusiness are associated with the structural features of production and the formation of regional socio-economic relationships. Scientific and technological progress, digitalization, and changes in trade and economic relations at the level of international and national markets are driving the development of the country's agro-industrial complex and agriculture. In the current conditions, the introduction of advanced technologies in the production and management areas of agribusiness contributes to solving tactical problems related to optimizing the production cycle, reducing costs, maintaining market share and surviving in a competitive environment. The study identifies the main directions of industry development that need a combination of market and traditional management and regulatory mechanisms. The main evolutionary stages of the formation and transformation of market mechanisms associated with new forms of horizontal and vertical regulation of the activities of industrial enterprises based on the network and cluster approach, the design of conditions for optimal development of agriculture and agro-industrial complex at the level of the country's subjects are described. The main essential features of organizational and economic management mechanisms and their transformation in the context of the evolution of market relations at the global and regional levels are considered. A comparative analysis of state and market management mechanisms is conducted, and emphasis is placed on financial, cluster and network aspects of interaction in agribusiness. A situational analysis of financial and economic indicators of agribusiness development in Russia is presented. The features of financing the industry under state programs and the complexity of infrastructure and institutional nature that limit the sustainable growth of agribusiness in the country are identified. Conclusions are made about the need to implement an adaptive methodological approach that assesses the effectiveness of market mechanisms in the field of agribusiness.
The sustainability of agricultural organizations depends on the sufficiency of money needed to finance investments in fixed assets, replenishment of working capital, and fulfilment of obligations. The organization of stable cash flows is a significant factor in supporting agricultural producers. The lack of sufficient financial resources restricts the development of agricultural production. In this regard, the implementation of preferential lending mechanisms in agriculture is particularly relevant. Created in 2017 by the Ministry of agriculture of the Russian Federation, the mechanism of preferential lending plays a significant role in increasing the availability of funds. At the same time, the analysis demonstrates the need to modernize approaches to the application of the developed mechanism of preferential lending, which involves reducing the requirements for collateral, the number of requested documents, the timing of decisions on granting loans, etc. Correlation analysis confirms that fluctuations in interest rates do not always lead to changes in the dynamics of agricultural production. Moreover, the continuation of the policy of reducing the Bank of Russia's key rate also makes to change the range of interest rates set under the preferential lending mechanism. It is advisable to consider the possibility of normalizing the value of the preferential interest rate depending on changes in the key rate. In addition to developing the mechanism of preferential lending, it is proposed to consider the possibility of using specialized refinancing instruments of the Bank of Russia for the purpose of providing financial support to agricultural producers. The reorientation of specialized refinancing mechanisms to specific industries will increase the effectiveness of the Bank of Russia's support to domestic producers.
The article based on micro data of the All-Russian Agricultural Census 2016 identified the potential for the development of dairy agricultural consumer cooperatives of small forms of farming for each district of the Rostov Region with further aggregation of regions by groups of potential - very high, high, medium and relatively low. The paper provides the characteristics of these groups by the number of cows, land, material and technical resources, milk production volumes. The potential was determined on the basis of the share of commodity production of subsidiary household plots of the district from the volume of milk in farms of all categories of the region and by the share of commodity production of milk in subsidiary household plots from the total production of marketable milk in the district. The selected indicators made it possible to take into account both the scale of production of commercial milk in private household plots and the importance of private household plots in dairy production of the district. On the whole, out of 43 districts of the Rostov Region, 16 districts are assigned to regions with a very high and high potential for milk cooperation, 16 to medium and 11 to regions with a relatively low potential for milk cooperation. A comparison of the districts distributed among the groups of potential of dairy cooperation with the actual presence of processing and procuring dairy cooperatives revealed an insufficient implementation of the existing potential of cooperation in the region. In many districts of the Rostov region production of marketed milk in the small commodity sector is much higher than the volume sold through the cooperatives. The districts of the central and northern parts of the Rostov Region have significant potential, where there are currently no dairy cooperatives, although the volumes of marketed milk there are high. Dairy cooperatives of the region are located not only in areas with high potential for cooperation, but also close to the regional centre.
The purpose of the study is to show the growth opportunities of the reindeer herding sub-sector, its export orientation. The problem is relevant at a time of changing consumer tastes, when the demand for the meat and meat products market has reached saturation. The article discusses the problems limiting the growth of production and suggests ways to solve them. An analysis of the dynamics of reindeer and pasture population in the context of the countries and regions of the Russian Federation has been given. Despite the fact that venison occupies an insignificant share in the world market for meat and meat products, nevertheless, Russia's share in this niche is definitely high (over 9%), due to the fact that the country has a large number of livestock in the world. The situation was extremely favourable for the development of export capacity. At the same time, special attention should be paid to the possibility of processing leather raw materials. The work substantiates the need to create capacities for the processing of leather raw materials from deer skins, and indicates possible sources of investment resources for this purpose. To overcome the negative trend of pasture abandonment, the introduction of compensation for damage at market value was proposed. To overcome the personnel crisis, the need for the introduction of tax benefits for those employed in the industry is justified. To provide modern technicians for monitoring the condition of reindeer pastures, it is proposed to use state guarantees to suppliers. To increase business profitability, recommendations were made to improve technological measures in the industry.
In modern conditions, there is a problem of attracting specialists, including young ones, to work and live permanently in rural areas. The problem is not immediate and exists for many decades, during which it was not only not solved, but also worsened, showing the ineffectiveness of existing mechanisms for attracting and fixing. We can't say that this problem exists only on the territory of Russia. Many countries of the world have faced it in a tight situation. Each of them is characterized by its own solution path, based on economic and social goals. The problem of attracting qualified labour resources to the village cannot be separated from the village itself and its socio-economic development. This article presents and analyzes the existing mechanisms for securing specialists in rural areas in Russia and other countries. The purpose of the study was to determine all the existing socio-economic mechanisms for attracting and retaining specialists in rural areas. The reduction of rural residents is not so much due to the natural loss of population, but due to the constant migration of young rural residents to urban agglomerations. This reduction leads to the desertification of the territory, the aging of the population, and the reduction of the skilled labour force, which hinders the development of agriculture – a key economic component of rural development. Based on the study of foreign experience, analysis of current legislation and development programs, and long-term surveys of rural residents, additional mechanisms for stimulating the population's involvement in rural areas are proposed. The key factors for attracting young professionals to the village are the availability of employment, accessibility and comfort of housing, provision of social facilities and services (kindergarten, school, FAP, etc.), and the level of transport infrastructure.