In the socio-economic conditions complicated by the political events of recent years, the need for a balanced, professional management of rural development is growing. This requires the use of a more sophisticated mechanism that uses management tools at the state, regional and municipal levels proven by many years of practice, as well as new ones, conditioned by modern realities. Among the latter one can include instruments of qualitatively new forms of cooperative and integration relations between agricultural producers within the boundaries of rural territories, the creation of cluster-oriented formations in them. The main function of rural development should be rational use of the material, labour, financial resources of rural areas with the strengthening and appropriate motivation of state, municipal and economic management bodies and taking into account the interests of the rural population. The purpose of the study is to analyze the opinion of the population about the rationality of the current mechanism for managing rural development as the basis for the possible improvement of its integration component. Within the boundaries of rural areas, there is no mutually beneficial practical cooperation between large, medium and small businesses. The lack of transparency in the scope of state support for certain categories of agricultural producers, the varying availability of public and private investment for them, complicates the conditions for sustainable rural development. To activate the integration processes in rural development, it is necessary to take strategically justified decisions at all management levels.
The article considers the procedure for the development and implementation of professional standards. The shortcomings and their unacceptability for agricultural practices are shown. Not all is well with the implementation of this document in rural practice. To do this, it is proposed to improve the Legislative base, another methodological development scheme, sources of information for practice, a new structure of professional standards, relevant to real practice, performance indicators, and more.
Intensification of livestock production requires the development of effective organizational and economic mechanisms for the development of livestock enterprises that increase production and increase the competitiveness of products. One of the key factors in the effective development of the industry is technological modernization through the introduction of modern resource-saving production technologies and highly productive genetic resources. The purpose of the study was to study the influence of organizational and economic factors and macroeconomic management conditions on the effectiveness of carrying out technological modernization of livestock. The research used abstract-logical and economic-statistical research methods, as well as the method of expert assessments. The empirical basis of the study was the official data and analytical materials of state executive and legislative bodies. It has been established that due to the state support provided in recent years, the livestock sector has been able to significantly upgrade the material and technical base of the industry and create modern production facilities. Productivity of cows for 2000-2015 increased 2.2 times, pigs 2.9 times. Labour costs decreased by 42.9‰ in milk production, 75.7‰ in cattle meat and half in pigs. Products of Russian agricultural machinery companies are significantly inferior to foreign competitors in the domestic market. The high dependence of livestock and processing enterprises on foreign manufacturers of process equipment and consumables has a negative impact on the modernization of the material and technical base and the efficiency of the industry development. To increase the level of technological development of the industry, measures and mechanisms of state support for stimulating the production of machinery and equipment for livestock raising have been suggested, which make it possible to increase the efficiency and sustainability of livestock production.
The article is devoted to the research of the Russian market of Halal products and prospects of its development. The relevance of the topic is emphasized both by social and economic prerequisites. Nowadays, halal production is receiving a lot of attention, because this market is very attractive and promising due to the high growth and migration rates of the Muslim population both in Russia and in the world. At the same time, halal products are perceived as a better product in terms of production, processing and storage conditions, therefore products with the Halal certificate are in demand not only among Muslims, but also among consumers of other religious worldviews and people far from all religions (their share is more than 50‰). It should be noted that Halal products market in Russia is still not sufficiently formed and is in the stage of formation and growth, and a good incentive for production and certification of Halal products are great opportunities in terms of exports to Muslim countries. There is a large uneven distribution of halal production in Russia, so it is necessary to establish logistics and make supply system for halal products, train specialists in the halal food industry, because they are in deficit for halal producers.
The article reveals and analyzes the main natural and present economic factors that promote and encourage cross-border cooperation between Russia and Kazakhstan in the agro-industrial sphere on the principles of spatial development, taking into account the use of the transport, logistics and transit potential of the two countries. A special focus was made on current state and experience of the border regions cooperation with an emphasis on the possibilities of the national agro-industrial complex interaction, including cross-border agro-industrial clusters and inter-clustering outlook in the Eurasian integration framework. Agro-industrial potential of the Russian-Kazakhstan border-zone, community of the unsolved problems of development, existence of transport-logistic advantages are factors for the economic growth and deepening of the Eurasians integration.
The article deals with the issues of quantitative assessment of competitiveness of grain and products of its processing in the member States of the EAEU using econometric models of panel data. Particular attention is paid to the price factor of competitiveness: average producer prices, average export and import prices. The results of the analysis made it possible to assess the level of competitiveness of agro-food products in the EAEU member States, to determine the impact of various factors on its level. The results of the study can be used in the development and adjustment of the agreed agro-food policy in the EAEU.
It is established that in order to effective development of farm sat the federal level the provisions of the Concept of sustainable development of rural areas for the period until 2020 and Strategy of rural areas sustainable development of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030 are developed and implemented. Analysis of the statistic data of the Ministry of Agriculture and Trade of the Krasnoyarsk Territory showed that in the direction of «support for beginning farmers» the amount of funding from 2012 to 2017 increased by 4.4 times, from 33 308.7 thousand roubles. up to 145 620.2 thousand rubbles. For six years, grants in the amount of 495,989.7 thousand rubbles. received 275 novice farmers; 45 heads of farms received grants in the amount of 321,698.4 thousand rubbles in the direction of «development of family livestock farms»; 7 farmers from 2015 to 2017 benefited from government support in the amount of 13,999.7 thousand rubbles on the development of non-agricultural activities; six agricultural cooperatives received grants in the amount of 100,854.3 thousand rubbles in the direction «development of agricultural cooperation» in 2016-2017. The provisions of this law are implemented through the current State Program of the Krasnoyarsk Territory «Development of Agriculture and Regulation of Agricultural Products, Raw Materials and Food Markets», which determines the targets for ensuring the development of farms.
Production of agriculture shows growth for already five years. At the same time, rates of this growth are slowed down. The state program of development of agriculture and regulation of the markets of agricultural production, raw materials and food for 2013-2020 during 2017 has twice undergone essential changes. The analysis of the main directions and measures of the program has revealed that practically all directions of state support of branch are focused on stimulation of production and export of production. However the stabilization mechanisms directed to increase in stability of activity of agricultural producers aren't enough, and resource providing already existing actions doesn't correspond to program tasks. In the new edition of the program delay of growth rates of agricultural production is planned that causes a task to develop ways and mechanisms of sustainable development of branch for a long-term outlook.
We present the evidence from a computer simulation concerning location of agricultural production by the federal subjects of Russia. For this purpose, a linear program of Russian agriculture is developed that accounts for the environmental agricultural zoning, food consumption by the regions, transport links, foreign trade, uncertainty of outputs and interregional diffusion of technologies. Within the studied case, it is assumed that the amount of resources corresponds to year 2015, the capacity of infrastructure does not limit transportation and the diffusion of technologies is allowed to the extent that approximately corresponds to three years period. It is shown that, subject to this scenario, it is possible that Russia becomes a net exporter of meat production and the gross margin of national agriculture increases by circa 700 billion rubbles, while the gross sales grow only by 0,09‰. The reported results can influence investors' assessment of opportunities of investments in regional agriculture and in the reconstruction of infrastructure.
Meat livestock breeding has always been on the list of industries to which the state paid particular attention. This is due not only to the specific consumption of meat in Russia, but also a significant potential for the development of the industry, especially in the current conditions of implementing import substitution programs for agricultural products. The article explores the approach to increasing the effectiveness of budget allocations by studying production balances and sectoral indicators of the country. The analysis of the world and Russian market of cattle (cattle) is carried out. An assessment is given of the existing state support, and also characterizes the profitability and the dynamics of investment in of animal husbandry.