The digital transformation of agrarian and industrial complex is an instrument of qualitative changes in economic activity and is intended to contribute to the development of the industry, including the strengthening of the competitiveness of agricultural products. The article gives a general assessment of the competitiveness of agricultural products of Ryazan region by the combination of essential characteristics. Steady trends in the growth of crop harvesting volumes and negative dynamics of certain livestock products have been established. Negative factors of product competitiveness change have been identified. Analysis of sales of products in terms of internal and external markets in dynamics was carried out. An assessment of the escort potential of agricultural products of the Ryazan region was given. Overview of practical experience of digital technologies application in agricultural organizations of Ryazan region presented. The results of the study made it possible to determine the impact of the introduction of digital transformation tools in large farms on the change of individual characteristics, which together characterize the competitiveness of products. The directions of digital transformation of AIC are outlined, the need for which is established on the basis of the identified problems of strengthening competitiveness and potential of information technologies. The authors raised the question of the need to create a software complex on crop rotation as one of the tools for digitalization of agriculture. The role of the state in the process of digital transformation of the industry at the regional level is outlined.
Agriculture is a complex socio-economic system, which determines the essence and content of the system-reproducible methodology of research into the functioning and development of agriculture on the basis of intensification, which is developing and has now adopted electronic forms (automation, digitalization). The process of electronic intensification of agriculture of the region consists of stages reflecting the content of the system-reproductive approach. Organizational and economic issues of digitalization of agriculture are being addressed. It is advisable to develop standard electronic models on functional subsystems, which will be finalized to apply to the level (class) of development of the organization. It is necessary to form a service for the transition of enterprises to the electronics of agricultural production.
The article is devoted to the study of the state and direction of development of agricultural cooperatives and their associations in foreign countries. The state of cooperation in a number of leading countries is considered in more detail, positive aspects of their activities, positive impact on the development of national economies and sustainable development of rural areas are noted. Various directions of state support for the development of cooperatives are shown. The directions of legislative support for the creation of cooperative formations, their types and structures, as well as the regulation of a favourable legal framework in which cooperatives operate in different countries are considered
The purpose of the work is to study options for involving unused municipal lands and redistribution fund lands in agricultural circulation through the free provision of land plots to citizens of the Russian Federation in certain regions for the organization of various types of activities, including on cooperative principles. The work examined the peculiarities of regional legislative and regulatory acts adopted in 2017-2019 on free transfer of land plots. Their main purpose is to stop the outflow of the local population, return the citizens who have left or are working on the side, additional attraction of the population, especially to depressed agrarian areas, increase the production of agricultural products and increase the fatigue of rural development. Measures to more effectively use empty agricultural land, increase the profitability of agricultural production and other types of activities, sustainability of rural development are proposed. There is a need to study and use the practical experience of resettlement during the period of "Stolypin’s reforms" and development of virgin lands.
The world practice shows that the capital structure (proportion of own and debt capital) is important for company’s efficiency. Debt finance allows the company to invest in its growth more actively and with higher efficiency and to use the favourable situation on the market. The paper contains an analysis of the structure of the capital of the agro-industrial holding “Miratorg”. The importance of this task is based on the big size of this company and on the huge part it plays in the Russian agro-industrial complex. This is why it is very important to create conditions for effective functioning of this company, and optimization of the capital structure is one of the tools that can be used to reach this goal. The evaluation of the cost of own and debt capital of the “Miratorg” company was made. A dependence of the capital value from the size of the debt capital was identified. It is demonstrated that during most of the period 2012-2017 the capital structure was not optimal. The part of the debt capital was too small. We can recommend increasing the share of the debt finance in order to improve the efficiency of this company. The low share of the debt finance can be explained by the fact that “Miratorg” is not a public company and can be interested in non-economic goals (financial independence).
The article considers the development of rural road transport and distribution systems taking into account the emergence of modern agro-tourism. International tourism is an active source of foreign exchange earnings and has an impact on the country’s payment balance. In order to maintain the sustainable development of society, rural areas, rural populations, reduce the gap in the quality of life between urban and rural areas and preserve traditional culture, programmes are being implemented to establish and develop a network of agro-towns and agro-eco-towns. The development of agro-towns and agro-towns should lead to the development of rural (agrarian) tourism. The impact of agro-tourism on rural development is multidimensional, as it covers both economic (expansion of the specialization of peasant farms) and social (additional earnings, improvement of rural settlements) aspects of rural life. Agro tourism is one of the highly profitable activities, where the main feature is the cooperation of many related industries. The authors share the positions of the developers of the Concept of Development of Rural Tourism in Russia until 2030.
The aim of the study is to show the factors affecting the selection of forecast indicators of the agricultural complex development in the municipality and the infrastructure serving its methodological approaches to justification and the choice of planning directions. The monographic, statistical, abstract and logical methods, the analysis, synthesis, comparison, generalization were used. As a result of the study, elements of the macro-system affecting the development of infrastructure for the agribusiness plant were identified, Systematized documents reflecting the planned and forecast process in the country, shows the share of household suspension in the volume of agricultural production of the Altay Territory, Options for forecasting marketing services for their products are justified, the dependence of revenues of the Territory 's budget on the degree of openness of conduct or its business is shown, and options for applying new instruments to involve young people in agricultural production and provision of services for it are shown.
The article discusses the problems of rural population employment due to significant technological changes that change social and labour relations and the lifestyle of the rural population. Changing forms of employment in rural areas and the structure of social and labour relations contribute to increasing the mobility of rural labour resources, the distribution of which occurs under the influence of labour market conditions. The relevance of the accelerated development of digitalization directions for the agro-industrial complex is determined, due not only to an increase in the efficiency of agricultural production, but also to a significant reduction in the number of workers required for agricultural production. Smart technologies are a chance for a breakthrough in the development of the agro-industrial complex. While the level of digital technology implementation in the industry remains low, only systems of geography, integrated fleet management, precision farming are used. The main constraining factor is the peculiarities of agricultural production. A new vision of the state digital transformation of the rural economy through robotization, the use of drones, the development of artificial intelligence systems, telemedicine, which increasing the quality of life of the rural population. The paper outlines the ways of further development, as well as defines the direction of state policy that allows using the advantages of digital transformation to improve rural life.
The article provides a comparative analysis of the existing agricultural insurance programs with state support in the EAEU member states under the conditions of harmonization of agro-industrial policy. The structure characteristics of the agar sphere of the EAEU countries are quite similar (equal proportion in the production of crop and livestock products (in value terms), dominance in the structure of sown areas of cereals and legumes crops, small-scale production in Armenia, Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan, dominance of large enterprises in Belarus and Russia). On the basis of the analysis of statistical data, the main weather risks for agricultural producers (drought, grad) were identified, existing agricultural insurance programmes and forms of State support were examined in the context of their possible impact on mutual trade between the EAEU member countries under the WTO methodology and the Protocol on State Support Measures for Agriculture in the EAEU Member Countries. Forms and volumes of state support vary in the countries: subsidies of bonuses are observed in Russia, Kyrgyzstan and Belarus, subsidies of payments - in Kazakhstan and Kyrgyzstan). Insurance companies were evaluated on the basis of loss factor. The author concluded on the prospects of creating a common agrarian insurance market on the basis of the analysis and proposed promising directions for improving the efficiency of agricultural insurance with state support in the EAEU member states.
The article is devoted to the creation and modernization of selection-seed centres in the Russian Federation. The importance of the national project "Science" and the Federal Scientific and Technical Program for Agricultural Development for 2017-2025 for the creation of innovative infrastructure in the field of agriculture is shown. The structure of the modern breeding-seed centre is shown. Approaches to attracting development institutions were considered: Rosselkhozbank JSC and Rosagroleasing JSC at the stage of commercialization of scientific developments, lending of developers of new technologies (breeding and seed-growing centres) and consumers of created research and design developments. There were considered and adapted existing approaches to assessing the effectiveness of investments in replenishment or complete formation of the material and technological base of newly created breeding centres. It is proposed to assess the efficiency and risk of investments for modernization of breeding centres on the basis of a combination of different scenarios, which provide for calculation of mathematical expectation of net discounted income of the project under consideration and the degree of its risk. Different sources and mechanisms of financing (public, private and development institutions) of the selected breeding centres should be taken into account.