The relevance of the study of rural entrepreneurship is explained by the fact that under the influence of the processes of globalization and integration of the economy of modern Russia new challenges are emerging for rural entrepreneurs, for a successful response to which a review of the applied business models is necessary. The development of rural entrepreneurship includes mainly financial instruments, while practically unused non-financial instruments have much greater potential and efficiency. The purpose is to study the characteristics of rural entrepreneurship through the prism of personal characteristics of a rural entrepreneur, as well as to identify prospects and develop practical recommendations for the development of rural entrepreneurship in modern Russia. The methodological apparatus is based on a systematic approach to scientific research and includes a method of problematic, structural and functional analysis, as well as a method of modeling socio-economic systems. As a result of the study, the authors reasoned that the personal characteristics of the rural entrepreneur play a central role in the success of rural entrepreneurship. The authors proposed a conceptual model of rural entrepreneurship, reflecting the importance of integrating the rural entrepreneur into the sales markets of the local social environment, into the physical and economic environment of the rural area. The authors also proposed a map of the competences of a modern rural entrepreneur and developed practical recommendations for their development among modern Russian rural entrepreneurs.
In the article, some questions of legal regulation of social security of rural households of the population are considered, the unsettledness of which hinders the development of this sector of agrarian relations. An absence of separate legal norms, their imperfection or discrepancy between various legislative and legal acts, leave opportunities for their arbitrary interpretation. Despite the historical duration of research into the economic nature of the household plots of the population, the legal status of the owner of the private household and its members as subjects of labour law remains to be determined. The current legislation does not define the employment status of this category of citizens, the type, and form of employment, the legal status of the employee and/or employer. Defining this activity as independent employment (self-employment), many researchers do not consider the cause-effect relations of these relations and their social and economic consequences. As the latter, the issues of social guarantees for this category of citizens - work experience, pension (including the type of pension on state pension provision, the conditions of its appointment, etc.), medical and social insurance remain the most problematic. The basic provisions for the development of the pension system for rural households of the population should be based on the following fundamental positions of legislative consolidation: the legal status of the owner of the personal subsidiary farming of the population and its members as subjects of the labour law; conditions of state pension provision for this category of citizens; sources and sizes of insurance pensions.
Tractors and various attachments are the most popular producers of agricultural equipment, which is used almost in all works of the farms. In this regard, the load on them is very significant, which leads to frequent breakdowns. All this causes a downtime of agricultural equipment, productivity and production volumes. Therefore, it is necessary to develop the mechanism service maintenance of agricultural machinery, which will prevent crop loss. The research objective consists in development of practical recommendations of improvement of the mechanism of service of agricultural machinery in the region. The analysis of the current state of agricultural machinery in the Novosibirsk region is carried out. The service mechanism when with acquisition of the tractor the company signs the contract of service with the client is offered. Within the contract warranty repair, departure of crew to the place of breakage or the replacing tractor from the park of the technique of the campaign TRADE-IN is provided to the client. Duties of the service engineer at service of the equipment are considered.
The article considers new approaches to strategic planning and development of strategy of socio-economic development of the region based on the principles and tools of strategy development. Through the analysis of the results of agricultural production and the rating of contribution of the region (market share) justifies the importance of the agro-industrial complex (AIC) of the Voronezh region in the development of the region, the Central Federal District and the Russian Federation. Significant growth in agricultural production, outstripping national average, and significant potential has allowed to determine the main objectives of the strategies, identify strategic goal of socio-economic development of agribusiness in the region, to plan tasks and ways to implement them. The achievement of the expected results associated with the implementation of the target scenario of agricultural development and food security in the region. Such a scenario suggests strengthening the competitive position and increasing the balance of Pro-space development of regional agriculture based on the most efficient and environmentally sound use of natural resources, creation of high-tech sectors of the regional economy, ensuring comfortable living conditions and livelihoods of the rural population. The most important element of strategy development integrated development is the choice of effective forms, methods and tools of strategic management authorities local society. Revealed activities of bodies of state power of the Voronezh region in sphere of increase of competitiveness of agriculture. An important step of strategy development is project management. The perspective projects of development of agrarian and industrial complex of the region are submitted: development of dairy, pig-breeding and beet sugar clusters; project of export of production of agrarian and industrial complex.
Integration processes in the agrarian sector of the economy, particularly growing in the late XX early XXI century as a result of scientific-technical progress and globalization, have raised the problem of the choice of ways, techniques and methods of innovative development of economic entities. The integration of born system of management of integrated structures and management system of business entities themselves, focusing on the need for innovative development. As the most promising form of organization of agricultural production, the authors have proposed to consider the agro cluster. With a sustainable world and Russian trends of intelligent ("smart" economy), automation and robotization of agricultural production, and based on the identified problems in organization and management the structure of most businesses (on materials of the Perm region), with the aim of ensuring effective information interaction of different sectoral structures of agricultural business proves the feasibility of integration and consolidation of agricultural production activities and management. With this proposed system of principles of formation of innovation-oriented structures of management in agribusiness and the corresponding model of the innovation-oriented organizations the management of business entities of agrarian cluster.
Trends are identified and assessed for the development of agricultural production by regions of Siberian Federal district. It is proved that in Russia there is a possibility to increase the volume of agricultural production to meet the needs of the local population in the main types of food according to the recommended rational norms, as well as the formation of the export potential for a number of products. Developed forecast of production of agricultural products in the whole of the Siberian Federal district up to 2035, it is presented in two versions - mobilization and innovative. It is proved that for solving strategic challenges facing agriculture the district required implementation of the innovation scenario, which will require significantly greater investment in the industry. The rate of growth of investment in fixed capital of agriculture shall be not less than 8-10‰. By calculations from regions of the SFD by 2035 grain, potatoes, meat, milk and eggs in number of respectively 6.2 million tons, 450 thousand tons, 163.5 thousand tons, 449 thousand tons and 1192 million pcs will be taken out. The proposals for improving territorial-sectoral division of labour, the formation of a rational intra-industry structural proportions in agriculture of subjects of the Russian Federation in SFO. The basic directions of scientific-technological progress in crop and livestock production, the implementation of which will contribute to improving the competitiveness of products.
The article considers the current state of the cooperative movement, developed conceptual proposals for the formation of the innovative infrastructure of the interregional agro-resource cooperative network (ARCN) in the system of the Central Union of the Russian Federation, which provides for the creation of a vertically-integrated consumer cooperation that provides services to the participants in the economic turnover - of integrated network resource management. The basis for the creation and development of the ARCN are the principles of the network organization, which is implemented on a single regulatory and regulatory basis, using universal negotiable contracts and the trademark of the "Centrosoyuz of Russia", in a single information field using modern information technologies. It is established that the use of network technologies provides: increasing the availability of the system of consumer cooperation for a wider range of economic entities; the formation of stable economic ties with producers and consumers of products, settling mutual obligations; increasing of mobility due to a significant acceleration of economic turnover and reduce the cost of circulation. The proposed model is characterized by low cost, does not require capital investment and is logically built into the system of the Central Union of the Russian Federation. Unsustainable trends in the evolution of agricultural consumer cooperation justify the need to improve relationships of two mutually agreed cooperative systems related to their partnership advantages in sustainable development.
The present paper contains an analysis of factors that have impact on the revenues of the biggest Russian agricultural companies (according to the Expert journal ranking). The main method of a research is the regression analysis which has allowed to reveal significant factors and to define their interrelation. For data processing the statistical software of Stata was used. The analysis is based on accounting information of these companies for the last five years. The largest Russian companies have among themselves wide spacing of data on financial performance. The goal of the research is to identify the factors of effectiveness of agricultural companies. The research is based on the regression analysis which confirmed or refuted hypotheses about the impact of different factors on corporate revenues. The hypothesis of the research is that investements, financial leverage and embargo have a significant impact on the revenues. According to the results of our research, investments, financial leverage, effective interest rate, rent ability of sales and food embargo determine 22‰ of the undistributed revenue of a company. The most significant factors are investments and rent ability of sales. The conclusion is drawn that during the period till 2015 the size of retained earnings of the domestic companies agrarian and industrial complex in many respects was defined by not economic factors.
The acute problem of providing the population of Russia of fruit and berry products. The actual consumption of fruit is 62 kg per capita per year at scientifically determined norm of 100 kg. In the food basket of Russians the share of imported fruits is 72.2 per cent. Import fruit for 2000-2016. increased from 5.7 to 6.5 million tons In the article the analysis of development of horticulture in the Russian Federation. For the analyzed period the gross yield of fruits increased from 10.8 to 16.3 million tones as a result of increasing yields while reducing the area of fruit and berry crops. The main fruit producers are households. In 2016, their share accounted for 74.4‰ of the gross harvest of fruits and berries. Justified by the volume of fruit production and the main directions of its increase. To ensure that the population of fruit on the rational nutritional standards, their production must be brought to 10320 thousand tons (excluding grapes and fruit not grown in our country). The area of orchards and berry plantations should be increased from 517 to 895 thousand hectares, including area in Mature, fruit bearing age from 410 to 760 thousand hectares. Expansion of fruit production will contribute to the improvement of the state support of gardening and the increase in its size, its concentration in specialized farms, the revival of industrial horticulture, intensification of the industry, the development of agro-industrial integration. The proposed mechanism of regulation of production and economic relations between participants of the integration.