Features of the implementation of state support for flax and technical hemp in the Russian Federation

Issue № 8, 2024, article № 10, pages 90-96

Language: Russian

Original language title: ОСОБЕННОСТИ РЕАЛИЗАЦИИ ГОСУДАРСТВЕННОЙ ПОДДЕРЖКИ ЛЬНА И ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ КОНОПЛИ В РОССИЙСКОЙ ФЕДЕРАЦИИ

Keywords: LONG-LIVED FLAX, TECHNICAL HEMP, OILSEED FLAX, ACREAGE, GROSS HARVEST, PRIMARY PROCESSING

Abstract: Despite the support measures taken by the Ministry of Agriculture and the Ministry of Industry and Trade, the domestic light industry is experiencing a shortage of raw materials, and is dependent on the export of cotton yarn. In 2023, for the first time in the period under review, there was a reduction in acreage simultaneously for all bast crops, the number of federal districts and subjects of the federation cultivating flax, oilseed flax and technical hemp decreased. This led to a decrease in the gross harvest of flax fiber by 16%. The gross harvest of industrial hemp fiber increased by 14%, but this increase is due to a 34% increase in yield. The annual increase in prices for technological equipment in 2023-24 amounted to 10%. For the period from 2011 to 2024. the price of tattered flax has increased by more than 7 times, short by 5-6 times, hemp of the same type by no more than 1.5 times. The main problems hindering the development of the industry include: inefficiency of state support measures aimed at increasing the production of bast crops; subsidies for the cultivation of bast crops are aimed at preserving areas, rather than improving the quality of the final product, which leads to a shortage of raw materials for the production of textiles; 90% of enterprises for the primary processing of flax and 60% Hemp processing trusts have outdated equipment; lack of highly specialized personnel. Possible measures to solve them and prospects for development are considered.

Authors: Basova Natalia Vladimirovna, Novikov Eduard Valerevich