Optimization of the ratio between basic factors "land-labor-capital" for the fur-ther development of agriculture in Russia

Issue № 5, 2024, article № 5, pages 46-60

Section: Economic mechanism of managing

Language: Russian

Original language title: ОПТИМИЗАЦИЯ СООТНОШЕНИЯ МЕЖДУ БАЗИСНЫМИ ФАКТОРАМИ «ЗЕМЛЯ-ТРУД-КАПИТАЛ» ДЛЯ ДАЛЬНЕЙШЕГО РАЗВИТИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА РОССИИ

Keywords: AGRICULTURE, FACTORS: LAND-LABOR-CAPITAL, RATIO OF FACTORS, SUBSTITUTION OF FACTORS, EFFICIENCY OF AGRICULTURE

Abstract: For the formation and development of agriculture, as well as any industry, the presence of basic factors is important. The deficit of some and the surplus of others do not contribute to the development of the industry, although it acts as the basis of industry specialization. But for the development of the industry – sustainable long–term growth and high efficiency - an optimal balance between factors is necessary. On the other hand, the presence of such properties of factors as interconnection and substitutability (substitution) allows you to manipulate the volumes of factors – to increase the volume of one (some) with a deficit of some (some), and thereby reduce the so-called "factor predestination". However, even in this case, there are certain proportions between factors formed by production, which not only reduce factorial and overall efficiency in violation of the so-called "natural proportions" between factors, but sometimes prohibit (do not allow) excessive manipulation (substitution) of factors. The formulated provisions are significant for the long-term development of national agriculture in the light of the growing consumption of food and demand for agricultural products and raw materials in the world, with simultaneous increased competition in global agri-food markets, as well as the growing importance of agriculture for the national economy, the state and society.Based on official statistics data for the period 2000-2022, the article analyzes the relationship between the factors "land", "labor" and "capital" in agriculture in Russia, identifies the main dynamic and structural trends in the use of various factors, their ratio, correlation with the dynamics of agricultural production.

Authors: Rakhaev KHadis Magomedovich, Bakkuev Eldar Safarovich, Eneeva Madina Nikolaevna, Ivanova Zalina Mukhamedovna