TERRITORIAL DIFFERENTIATION AND PREREQUISITES FOR SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF DAIRY CATTLE BREEDING IN THE NON-BLACK EARTH REGION OF RUSSIA BASED ON DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

DOI 10.33305/238-55

Issue № 8, 2023, article № 6, pages 55-65

Section: Digitalization in agrarian and industrial complex

Language: Russian

Original language title: ТЕРРИТОРИАЛЬНАЯ ДИФФЕРЕНЦИАЦИЯ И ПРЕДПОСЫЛКИ УСТОЙЧИВОГО РАЗВИТИЯ МОЛОЧНОГО СКОТОВОДСТВА В НЕЧЕРНОЗЕМНОЙ ЗОНЕ РОССИИ НА ОСНОВЕ ЦИФРОВОЙ ТРАНСФОРМАЦИИ

Keywords: NON-BLACK EARTH REGION OF RUSSIA, DAIRY FARMING, FEED PRODUCTION, TERRITORIAL DIFFERENTIATION, ADAPTIVE PRODUCTION, SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT, DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION

Abstract: The article analyzes the features of the development of dairy cattle breeding in the regions of the Non-black earth region of Russia. The analysis of changes from 2007 to 2021 in the volume of milk production, the number of cows, acreage, including fodder crops, and other production indicators in the municipal districts of four regions of the Non-black earth region of Russia, three of which belong to the Northwestern Federal District - Leningrad, Vologda, Novgorod region and one to the Central Federal District - Yaroslavl region. The increased differentiation of the development of dairy farming between regions and municipal districts was revealed with the beginning of the implementation of the Priority National Project for the Development of Agriculture in 2006-2007 and State programs for the development of agriculture and regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets. Priority state support for the implementation of large projects, ensuring the growth of dairy productivity and gross milk production, has increased the differences in the level of development of dairy farming between farms, municipal districts and regions. The main volumes of milk are produced in a limited number of municipal districts, agro-climatic, production and economic conditions in which allow for the implementation, with the support of the state, of large investment projects for the construction or modernization of dairy complexes with industrial conveyor-type technologies. The reduction in the number of cows and the volume of milk production in a significant part of the municipal districts of the Non-black earth region of Russia leads to a decrease in acreage, a decrease in the intensity of their use, and the withdrawal of arable land from agricultural turnover. Digital transformation of dairy farming, maximum adaptation of feed and milk production to local agro-climatic and production conditions, are able to ensure a competitive level of costs and product quality in the region of risky farming with a smaller scale of production units and enterprises.

Authors: Surovtsev Vladimir Nikolaevich