FORMATION OF A GRAIN PRICE DAMPER: MECHANISMS AND CONDITIONS

DOI 10.33305/233-27

Issue № 3, 2023, article № 3, pages 27-40

Section: Economic mechanism of managing

Language: Russian

Original language title: ФОРМИРОВАНИЕ ДЕМПФЕРА КОЛЕБАНИЙ ЦЕН НА ЗЕРНО: МЕХАНИЗМЫ И ПОСЛЕДСТВИЯ

Keywords: GRAIN MARKET, GRAIN DAMPER, EXPORT DUTIES, PURCHASING INTERVENTIONS, COMMODITY INTERVENTIONS

Abstract: The main element of the system of state regulation of the grain market for the past two decades in Russia has been grain interventions aimed at reducing the volatility of grain producer prices. With the growth of grain production, the volume of its exports also gradually increased. World market prices began to have a decisive influence on domestic prices. There was a need for additional measures of state regulation, damping the prices of grain producers, its consumers, exporters, revenues and expenditures of the state budget, depending on the volatility of world market prices. To this end, from 2021 the system of state regulation is supplemented by floating export duties. In 2022 at the same time, purchasing interventions and floating export duties were used. The first measure stimulated the increase in prices of grain producers at the expense of budgetary funds, the second - their reduction. Using these two mechanisms, the state simultaneously stimulates and slows down the growth of grain production, the increase and decrease in exports. The established regulatory standards (minimum and maximum intervention prices, floating export duty rates) contradict each other. The article discusses the mechanisms for the formation of a consistent damper for grain price fluctuations and assesses its impact on the dynamics of grain production, the proportions of its domestic consumption and exports, the ratio of exports of grain raw materials, grain processing products and livestock products grown on concentrated feed.

Authors: Uzun Valerii IAkimovich, Ternovskii Denis Sergeevich