Яндекс.Метрика

INTRA-INDUSTRY RESERVES TO BOOST ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY OF USING RESOURCES IN CROP PRODUCTION OF THE URALS


DOI 10.33305/232-59

Issue № 2, 2023, article № 8, pages 59-69

Section: Agro-industrial market

Language: Russian

Original language title: ВНУТРИОТРАСЛЕВЫЕ РЕЗЕРВЫ ПОВЫШЕНИЯ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ИСПОЛЬЗОВАНИЯ РЕСУРСОВ В РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВЕ УРАЛА

Keywords: ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, COSTS, DIGITAL METHODS OF MANAGEMENT, PRICES, PRICE DISPARITY, RESOURCE SAVING, DIFFERENTIATION BY FIELDS, ELECTRONIC FIELD HISTORY BOOK

Abstract: In accordance with the "State Program for the Development of Agriculture and regulation of agricultural products, raw materials and food markets" in the Russian Federation, the task is to increase the volume of crop production in 2030 by 22.1 percent to the level of 2020 due to the growth of resources (doses of fertilizers and investments in fixed assets). The purpose of the work is to study the state and develop proposals to improve the economic efficiency of resource use in crop production in the Urals. The objectives of the study were: analysis of data from reports of agricultural enterprises reflecting the economic efficiency of grain cultivation in the Kurgan, Chelyabinsk and Sverdlovsk regions, and field experiments of the Kurgan Research Institute, development of proposals to improve the economic efficiency of the use of resources in crop production. The methods of monographic, mathematical, and statistical analyses were used. It is established that the increase in costs per hectare of sowing spring wheat, mainly due to the share of fertilizers, plant protection products, depreciation and others, in agricultural enterprises leads to a decrease in economic efficiency. This is due to both the increased aridity of the climate in recent years, and the generally poor quality of production management and its narrow specialization in the cultivation of spring grain crops. Intra-industry reserves for increasing the efficiency of resource use in crop production consist in the adaptability of their differentiated application, taking into account landscape and agrochemical parameters of fields and micro particles, improving the quality of crop management based on digital technologies for designing and controlling farming systems, diversifying the structure of acreage due to the partial replacement of grain crops with legumes and oilseeds, the development of animal husbandry and feed production.

Authors: Stepnykh Nikolai Vasilevich, Kopylova Svetlana Anatolevna, Zargarian Artur Meruzhanovich