SOME STRATEGIC APPROACHES TO THE TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR OF THE RUSSIAN ECONOMY BASED ON THE SYMBIOSIS OF THE STATE, SCIENCE AND BUSINESS

DOI 10.33305/231-3

Issue № 2, 2023, article № 1, pages 3-12

Section: Agrarian policy: problems and decisions

Language: Russian

Original language title: НЕКОТОРЫЕ СТРАТЕГИЧЕСКИЕ ПОДХОДЫ К ТЕХНОЛОГИЧЕСКОМУ СУВЕРЕНИТЕТУ АГРАРНОГО СЕКТОРА ЭКОНОМИКИ РОССИИ НА ОСНОВЕ СИМБИОЗА ГОСУДАРСТВА, НАУКИ И БИЗНЕСА

Keywords: RUSSIA, AGRICULTURAL SECTOR, TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY, NEO-INDUSTRIALIZATION, VERTICAL INTEGRATION

Abstract: The article is devoted to an important problem on the formation of technological sovereignty in the field of the agricultural sector of the Russian economy, which belongs to the priority tasks of the country's selection and economic development. The reasons for the dependence of the domestic agricultural sector on the import of agricultural machinery, technologies, seeds of a number of crops, breeding material, veterinary drugs and other knowledge-intensive products were revealed: the country did not create a single center for coordinating forecasting and expertise of scientific and technical developments in the field of agriculture, insufficient financing of agricultural science, reducing scientific, technical and personnel potential, the effective interaction of research organizations and universities of the agricultural profile was not regulated. It was noted that the lag of the technical and technological level of agricultural production in Russia from developed foreign countries can be overcome only by neo-industrialization of sectoral innovative systems in accordance with the requirement of the provision on vertical integration. It was concluded that the effect of the creation of vertically integrated selection-seed and selection-breeding centers is due to a number of factors and reasons: a reduction in transaction costs, own production of basic (source) selection material is cheaper than its purchase on the side and, in addition, such associations have the opportunity to plan the entire process of breeding a variety (breed) within a certain time frame. The categories "technological sovereignty," "technological import substitution" were considered and the need to create a new typology of an innovation and production system for the creation of high-tech production facilities with close cooperation between the state, science and business was justified. A list of the main mechanisms for ensuring technological sovereignty in the agricultural sector of the country's economy and tools for their implementation in new geopolitical conditions has been proposed.

Authors: Nechaev Vasilii Ivanovich, Mikhailushkin Pavel Valerevich