Placement and specialization of agriculture in russia

Issue № 9, 2021, article № 4, pages 32-48

Section: Economic mechanism of managing

Language: Russian

Original language title: РАЗМЕЩЕНИЕ И СПЕЦИАЛИЗАЦИЯ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА РОССИИ

Keywords: SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT, SPECIALIZATION, TERRITORIAL DIVISION OF LABOR, PROFITABILITY OF PRODUCTION, FOOD SECURITY

Abstract: The problem of rational distribution and territorial specialization of agricultural production is of a spatial global nature, which should take into account qualitative changes in agricultural production due to the need to ensure the country's food security, as well as the growth of Russia's export potential in the world food market. As you know, the irrational distribution and specialization of agricultural production do not contribute to an increase in profitability and highly efficient use of resources. At present, agricultural organizations are focused not so much on the rational distribution of production and specialization, as on the maximum profit, without taking into account the scientific foundations of location and specialization. The state is also not interested in the rational location and specialization of agricultural production due to the need to increase the quantitative indicators of the functioning of agricultural production. The problem of the location and specialization of agricultural production at the present stage of development of the agrarian economy does not allow the maximum use of the available resources of agricultural organizations, does not contribute to the optimization of interregional exchange, as well as regional food security. Meanwhile, according to experts, Russian agriculture is capable of providing food to 500 million people. This requires the implementation of scientific approaches to organizing the location and specialization of agricultural production, it is necessary to optimize interregional exchange, thereby reducing the costs of agricultural and processing industry products, and increasing the purchasing power of the population. Based on the available statistical material, this paper analyzes the location and specialization of agricultural organizations in federal districts, and also calculates the provision of basic food products. The study provides arguments for the additional introduction of agricultural land into circulation, solely to ensure food security and ensure rational nutritional standards for the population of the Russian Federation, without taking into account the increase in food exports.

Authors: Kolesnikov Andrei Viktorovich, Vasileva Nadezhda Konstantinovna