SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY'S AGRICULTURE: PROBLEMS AND POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS

DOI 10.33305/2012-48

Issue № 12, 2020, article № 4, pages 48-55

Section: Agrarian policy: problems and decisions

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПРОСТРАНСТВЕННОЕ РАЗВИТИЕ СЕЛЬСКОГО ХОЗЯЙСТВА СТРАНЫ: ПРОБЛЕМЫ И ВОЗМОЖНЫЕ ПУТИ РЕШЕНИЯ

Keywords: SPATIAL DEVELOPMENT, AGRICULTURE, PLACEMENT, SPECIALIZATION, CONCENTRATION, REGION, INTERREGIONAL EXCHANGE

Abstract: The role of the spatial organization of the industry for its development is shown and problems are identified that hinder the processes associated with rational location, deepening specialization and increasing concentration of agricultural production. The main ones are: persisting significant interregional differentiation of the level of socio-economic development; weak legislative and scientific support for the spatial development of agriculture, the lack of an active organizing and coordinating role of the state; the presence of long-term systemic problems and the emergence of new disproportion in the development of agriculture. Therefore, the solution to the problem of spatial development of agriculture is associated with an integrated approach to the implementation of such fundamental principles as: achieving food security of the country; ensuring the most complete and effective use of bioclimatic and production potentials, the maximum approximation of the production of this or that type of agricultural products to the areas and regions that have, first of all, the most favourable natural conditions; priority of national interests over regional economic interests; a differentiated approach to the main directions and measures of state support for the spatial development of agriculture and rural areas; comprehensive solution of issues of territorial organization of agriculture. Significant regional differences in agriculture and its individual sub-industry exclude a unified approach to their spatial organization. At the same time, special attention should be paid to such regions, as follows: not numerous regions with relatively favourable natural and economic conditions for conducting intensive and competitive agriculture; priority and border geostrategic territories; separate depressed and sparsely populated areas; numerous regions of the Far North and equivalent areas; with labour surplus and densely populated national republics of the North Caucasus. Since in perspective the differentiation of regions in the production of certain types of agricultural products will increase to a greater extent than the tendency to self-sufficiency, the state should play a key role here.

Authors: Altukhov Anatolii Ivanovich