Socio-demographic factors of reproduction of labour resources of rural areas of the north caucasus federal district

Issue № 8, 2019, article № 7, pages 69-80

Section: Development of rural territories

Language: Russian

Original language title: СОЦИАЛЬНО-ДЕМОГРАФИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ ВОСПРОИЗВОДСТВА ТРУДОВЫХ РЕСУРСОВ СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ СЕВЕРО-КАВКАЗСКОГО ФЕДЕРАЛЬНОГО ОКРУГА

Keywords: RURAL AREAS, DEMOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, POPULATION REPRODUCTION, MIGRATION, EMPLOYMENT, UNEMPLOYMENT, NOMINAL AND REAL WAGES, STANDARD OF LIVING

Abstract: In contrast to the all-Russian practice, a progressive type of reproduction of the population took shape in the North Caucasus Federal District, with its characteristic high rates of natural movement and a considerable supply of labour. All constituencies of the District are agrarian regions, so the rural areas are traditionally characterized by their main problems: intensive negative migration, lack of jobs, low employment of the population, unemployment and relatively low standard of living. The set of natural, climatic, economic, and social factors was studied, which largely determined not only the features of settlement, but also the structure of production activities. The author presents and analyzes the main socio-demographic characteristics: the gender and age structure of the population, the dynamics of the population until 2036, and life expectancy. Among the socio-economic characteristics of the considered growth rates of jobs, including high-performance and their relationship with the dynamics of labour supply, the level of tension in the rural labour market, the dynamics of employment, unemployment. For an objective description of the standard of living, the indicator was calculated: «the proportion of the population with incomes below the established regional subsistence minimum». On the basis of the study, proposals were made for improving the socio-economic situation and demographic processes.

Authors: Kriulina Elena Nikolaevna