Income of rural people is as factor of social stability of rural territories

Issue № 1, 2018, article № 7, pages 62-71

Section: Development of rural territories

Language: Russian

Original language title: ДОХОДЫ СЕЛЬСКОГО НАСЕЛЕНИЯ КАК ФАКТОР СОЦИАЛЬНОЙ УСТОЙЧИВОСТИ СЕЛЬСКИХ ТЕРРИТОРИЙ

Keywords: RURAL INCOMES, RESOURCES OF RURAL HOUSEHOLDS, THE SALARY, DIFFERENTIATION ON INCOME, PURCHASING ABILITY

Abstract: The relevance of researches is caused by the fact that rise in agriculture is announced by the most important direction of economic policy of the state and the acts defining development of agriculture for the next years are adopted. Stable development of rural territories, increase in employment, income and the standard of living of country people are main goals of these documents. In article the content, level of income of rural households, their transformation in market economy, social stratification in comparison with city households are analyzed. Changes in level and sources of formation of income of country people during reforms have caused emergence of the types of income peculiar to market economy, their traditional structure has changed. Social differentiation of the population on the level of income has increased and their real content has decreased. Assessment of a condition of profitability of agricultural work has shown that its low level doesn't stimulate growth of labour productivity in agriculture. Owing to reduction of the agricultural enterprises there was restructuring of rural employment, a considerable part of citizens has appeared among so-called self-employed on production of agricultural production in personal subsidiary and family country farms of various level of marketability. The changes in the structure of income generation and their functions, due to the reduction in the share of wages in the sources of the aggregate income of the rural family and the increase in the role of income from the farmstead, make it possible to conclude that the labour motivation of rural workers today is determined not only by the amount of wages, but also the level of aggregate income, the stimulating function of which increases. At the same time, the growth of incomes and living standards of the rural population, as the main and even the main indicator of agrarian and general economic reform, does not correspond to the declared goals. Moreover, during reforms the level of profitability of agricultural work has sharply decreased in comparison with the prereform period and level of income of urban population.

Authors: Skalnaia Marina Mikhailovna