The process of import substitution in the sphere of agriculture in the context of innovative development

Issue № 9, 2026, article № 2, pages 16-22

Section: Economic mechanism of managing

Language: Russian

Original language title: ПРОЦЕСС ИМПОРТОЗАМЕЩЕНИЯ В СФЕРЕ АПК В УСЛОВИЯХ ИННОВАЦИОННОГО РАЗВИТИЯ

Keywords: IMPORT SUBSTITUTION, AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, INNOVATIVE DEVELOPMENT, FOOD SECURITY, TECHNOLOGICAL SOVEREIGNTY, AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, STATE SUPPORT OF AGRICULTURE, BREEDING BASE

Abstract: This article examines import substitution in the agro-industrial complex through the lens of innovative development and the transition to technological sovereignty. An analysis of the agricultural sector's development from 2022 to 2024 demonstrates that mechanically substituting imported goods with domestic equivalents does not provide long-term economic benefits. Priorities include developing a domestic breeding and genetic base, localizing the production of high-tech equipment, and deep digitalization of the industry. The article examines the dynamics of overcoming agricultural organizations' dependence on external supplies: while the share of domestic seeds for winter wheat consistently exceeds 90 percent, for sugar beet, it remains at a critical level of 8.2 percent. The positive impact of state-funded preferential leasing programs, which have increased agricultural machinery supplies to Russian farmers by 42 percent, is assessed. The authors pay special attention to the problem of personnel shortages: the demand for specialists with digital competencies has increased by more than 30 percent. Producers who systematically invest in modern, science-intensive agricultural technologies, precision farming systems, and personnel retraining in close cooperation with regional scientific and educational centers maintain stable profitability.

Authors: Gorlov Dmitrii Mikhailovich, Balasanian Georgii IUrevich, Rodnyi Nikita Aleksandrovich, Antonian Armen Albertovich