Diversification of the rural economy and employment: the experience of the Republic of Buryatia

Issue № 4, 2026, article № 11, pages 115-126

Language: Russian

Original language title: ДИВЕРСИФИКАЦИЯ СЕЛЬСКОЙ ЭКОНОМИКИ И ЗАНЯТОСТЬ: ОПЫТ РЕСПУБЛИКИ БУРЯТИЯ

Keywords: RURAL ECONOMY, DIVERSIFICATION, EMPLOYMENT, RURAL AREAS, RURAL TOURISM, FAR EASTERN HECTARE, STATE SUPPORT

Abstract: Using the Republic of Buryatia as a case study, this article analyzes current challenges in the development of the agro-industrial complex and rural areas. Acute social and personnel problems in the development of agriculture and rural territories are linked to a decline in the rural population due to natural decrease and the outmigration of young, active residents. Constraints of a natural-environmental, economic, and infrastructural nature also exist. The study employs institutional and statistical methods. The information base includes government reports, documents, and materials of the Republic of Buryatia available in the public domain, as well as the authors' own research findings. The article presents the experience of the Republic of Buryatia in diversifying the rural economy through the development of rural tourism, considering changes in the regulatory framework and the impact of federal and regional state support measures. Additional sources for diversifying the rural economy and increasing employment in rural areas are examined, specifically through the implementation of the "Far Eastern Hectare" program. The studied experience of the Republic confirms the diversification focus of its regional policy for developing the rural economy, supporting farming, and alternative forms of employment and self-employment. However, it is concluded that under conditions of prioritized resource concentration to improve the living environment in key (anchor) settlements at the regional level, a differentiated approach is necessary to stimulate the diversification of the rural economy through the non-agricultural sector in rural territories not included in the list of key settlements. The research contributes to the literature by analyzing the potential and additional tools for diversifying the rural economy and increasing rural employment. This contributes to the generalization of experience and critical understanding of current trends in the sustainable development of rural territories.

Authors: Maksanova Liudmila Bato-ZHargalovna, Bardakhanova Taisiia Borisovna, Ivanova Sembrika Nimaevna, ZHambalova Soelma SHirapsambuevna