Economic efficiency of soil treatment in agricultural enterprises of the Kurgan region

Issue № 2, 2026, article № 6, pages 52-60

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ОБРАБОТКИ ПОЧВЫ В СЕЛЬСКОХОЗЯЙСТВЕННЫХ ПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ КУРГАНСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Keywords: TILLAGE, SOIL FERTILITY, PRODUCTIVITY, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY, COSTS, PROFIT, PROFITABILITY, LABOR PRODUCTIVITY

Abstract: In publications, the economic efficiency of tillage methods varies depending on the natural and climatic zone, crop rotation, and the use of chemicals. There is no unambiguous assessment of the advantages of any processing method. Surface tillage, which prevails in agricultural enterprises of the Kurgan region, combined with the use of optimal doses of fertilizers and plant protection products in comparison with plowing and the existing option of direct sowing contributes to an increase in yields and the economic efficiency of growing grain crops. In the Kurgan Research Institute of Agricultural Sciences, the technology of growing crops without soil treatment was studied from 2008 to 2024. The test results generally confirm the production data: the highest crop yields were obtained using plowing, and economic efficiency during surface treatment. Labor productivity is higher when using a grain-and-steam crop rotation, and the need for tractor drivers is lower than when using a fruit-cutting machine. When plowing is used during harvesting and after harvesting, labor productivity decreases in comparison with surface tillage and direct sowing. In conditions where plowing is replaced by surface treatment, which is carried out after harvesting, the peak load of field work falls in the spring period. In this case, the differences in the load of arable land per tractor driver in the application of surface tillage and without tillage are not significant. In enterprises with a high proportion of surface tillage, the load of arable land per tractor driver is higher compared to farms with a lower proportion of cultivated soil or direct sowing. The load of arable land and the productivity of tractor drivers mainly depend on their energy capacity.

Authors: Stepnykh Nikolai Vasilevich, Nemchenko Vladimir Vasilevich, Pritchin Aleksandr Nifantevich, Kramshenkova Svetlana Mikhailovna