Comparative analysis of the economic efficiency of vegetable production in agricultural enterprises and peasant (farmer) farms of Kostanay region

Issue № 11, 2025, article № 15, pages 149-157

Section: ABROAD

Language: Russian

Original language title: СРАВНИТЕЛЬНЫЙ АНАЛИЗ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКОЙ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТИ ПРОИЗВОДСТВА ОВОЩЕЙ В СЕЛЬХОЗПРЕДПРИЯТИЯХ И КРЕСТЬЯНСКИХ (ФЕРМЕРСКИХ) ХОЗЯЙСТВАХ КОСТАНАЙСКОЙ ОБЛАСТИ

Keywords: AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISE, PEASANT (FARM) ECONOMY, SALES VOLUME, PRIME COST, GROSS PROFIT, PROFITABILITY LEVEL

Abstract: In vegetable growing of Kostanay region, which is of primary importance for ensuring the country's food security, the process of redistribution of market shares is taking place. In this regard, the analysis of the process of crowding out large agricultural producers by more flexible peasant (farmer) farms is of particular relevance. The purpose of the article is to determine the most stable and effective model of farming in vegetable growing and to develop a set of practical recommendations for its further development. In the study, the authors analyzed the secondary data of the statistical agency of the Republic of Kazakhstan using methods such as comparative analysis, dynamic assessment, calculation of absolute deviations and relative indicators, system analysis and synthesis. The results of the analysis showed that the reasons for the shift in vegetable production from large agricultural enterprises to peasant (farmer) farms were due to a high increase in the cost of 1 centner of vegetables (415.7%), which led to a decrease in their sales volumes by 68.8% and a drop in profitability to a critical level of 9.3 pp On the contrary, peasant (farmer) farms were distinguished by more restrained dynamics of growth in the cost of 1 centner of vegetable production (248.4%). This allowed them to increase sales by 18.8% and maintain profitability at a healthy level of 30.9 pp, offering vegetable products at competitive prices. Consequently, peasant (farmer) farms have market stability, and the ability to effectively control production costs has become a key factor in their success. At the end of the article, it was determined that efforts to develop the vegetable growing industry of Kostanay region should be aimed at supporting this category of producers. Based on the study of foreign experience, the article offers practical recommendations, including cooperation, the introduction of resource-saving technologies, diversification of sales channels, the implementation of which, as the modeling proves, can increase the profitability of production to 115.6%.

Authors: Lysenko IUliia Valentinovna, Lysenko Maksim Valentinovich, Koshevaia Liudmila Ivanovna