Economic efficiency of processing trusts of technical hemp into the same type and shortened fiber

Issue № 6, 2025, article № 11, pages 107-113

Language: Russian

Original language title: ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКАЯ ЭФФЕКТИВНОСТЬ ПЕРЕРАБОТКИ ТРЕСТЫ ТЕХНИЧЕСКОЙ КОНОПЛИ В ОДНОТИПНОЕ И УКОРОЧЕННОЕ ВОЛОКНО

Keywords: TECHNICAL HEMP, PRIMARY PROCESSING, TRUST, THE SAME TYPE OF FIBER, SHORTENED FIBER, BONFIRE, TECHNICAL AND ECONOMIC INDICATORS, PROFITABILITY, PAYBACK PERIOD

Abstract: Since 2010, there has been a resurgence of industrial cannabis in Russia and an increase in the number of regions interested in its cultivation. In 2024, cannabis was grown in 32 regions. Currently, in Russia, more than 95% of primary processing enterprises produce the same type of fiber from hemp stalks – non-oriented hemp of the same type. In addition, shortened hemp, obtained as a result of deep processing of the same type of fiber for the subsequent production of insulation materials, cellulose and other materials, is in high demand. More than 80% of Russian industrial hemp primary processing plants use outdated domestic or expensive foreign lines. Domestic processing equipment is currently being developed and manufactured. The lines of technological equipment for the primary and advanced processing of technical cannabis produced by the Federal State Budgetary Budgetary Institution FNC LC are considered and analyzed. A comprehensive comparative calculation of the technical and economic indicators of an enterprise processing industrial hemp into the same type and/or shortened fiber on a small-sized line and a line of normal size has been carried out. As a result of the calculation, it was determined that: obtaining the same type and shortened hemp on equipment of normal size is cost-effective and will pay off in 2 years, regardless of shift work, but requires significant investments, large production facilities and acreage from 320 to 960 hectares; the production of the same type and shortened hemp on small–sized equipment is effective with two and three-shift operation on acreage from 240 to 360 hectares; obtaining shortened hemp from the same type of hemp purchased from a third-party organization is cost-effective with three-shift operation of the hemp plant, the payback period for the organization is 8.9 years.

Authors: Basova Natalia Vladimirovna, Novikov Eduard Valerevich, Bezbabchenko Aleksandr Vladislavovich