Organizational, economic and climatic factors of crop production development in Trans-Baikal region

Issue № 11, 2024, article № 9, pages 80-86

Language: Russian

Original language title: ОРГАНИЗАЦИОННО-ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИЕ И КЛИМАТИЧЕСКИЕ ФАКТОРЫ РАЗВИТИЯ РАСТЕНИЕВОДСТВА В ЗАБАЙКАЛЬЕ

Keywords: CROP PRODUCTION, CLIMATE, TRANS-ВAIKAL REGION, AGRICULTURE, SMALL FARMS, AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX, ECONOMICS, CRISIS, ORGANIZATIONAL AND ECONOMIC FACTORS

Abstract: In recent decades, crop production in Trans-Baikal region has faced significant challenges due to a complex interplay of factors. The regions harsh climate limits the cultivation of many crops, leading to a predominance of spring-sown crops in the crop rotation. Over the past two decades, there has been a substantial reduction in sown areas, consequently leading to a decline in gross crop production. Despite these difficulties, the yields of individual crops have been increasing. However, the growth rates of these yields lag significantly behind those of other regions in the Baikal region. This paper discusses the impact of climatic factors on the variability of crop yields in Trans-Baikal region. An analysis of the economic factors influencing crop production has revealed a number of structural changes in economic activity. In recent years, there has been a growing role of farm households, particularly in grain production. However, despite the growth of their share in production, farm households have not fully replaced large-scale farms in the market. This has led to a reduction in sown areas in many crop-producing regions of the region, which, in turn, has led to a decline in gross production. Small and medium-sized farm households are generally less competitive than large ones. In this regard, they face significant difficulties in adapting to new market conditions, encountering a number of socio-economic problems that hinder their activities. The situation is exacerbated by insufficient state support for small-scale farming, and their dependence on climatic factors makes them particularly vulnerable. This paper not only identifies the key factors hindering the development of crop production but also proposes possible solutions.

Authors: Alekseev Aleksei Maksimovich