To the development of classification of agricultural technologies by levels of production intensification in the cultivation of grain crops for seeds

Issue № 11, 2024, article № 3, pages 28-39

Section: Economic mechanism of managing

Language: Russian

Original language title: К РАЗВИТИЮ КЛАССИФИКАЦИИ АГРОТЕХНОЛОГИЙ ПО УРОВНЯМ ПРОИЗВОДСТВЕННОЙ ИНТЕНСИФИКАЦИИ ПРИ ВОЗДЕЛЫВАНИИ ЗЕРНОВЫХ КУЛЬТУР НА СЕМЕНА

Keywords: VERHNEVOLZHSKY REGION, CLASSIFICATION OF AGRICULTURAL TECHNOLOGIES, LEVELS OF INTENSIFICATION, PRODUCTION OF SEEDS, GRAIN CROPS, SELECTION AND SEED PRODUCTION WORK, ECONOMIC EFFICIENCY

Abstract: The article develops a classification of agricultural technologies by levels of intensification in the production of seed grain on the example of Verhnevolzhsky region. The sources of information were: science literature, the results of experimental investigations conducted in Verhnevolzhsky FASC, the reports from Ministry of Agriculture of Vladimir region. They were discussed: the purpose and quality characteristics of seed grain, natural, technological and other conditions during its production at various levels of intensification (extensive, normal and intensive). The opinion was described that it is most appropriate to grow seeds at the normal level of technological intensity. The low level of development of breeding and seed production work in the country, the high dependence on imports of high-quality seed products, the weak role of the state in managing this important process, and lack of financial state support for seed production enterprises were described. The characteristics of the main technological elements were given, and the grain yield was shown according to the levels of intensification. The specific technological operations for the production of seed grain were identified. The results of calculating the economic efficiency indicators for the research object are presented. In specialized seed-growing enterprises, it is possible to obtain the following marginal income per hectare from the sale of seed material: for “Original seeds” category - 56620 rub., for “Elite seeds” category – 35620 rub. and the high level of return on sales (approximately 70%). When selling reproductive seeds of classes 1 and 2, the payback of variable costs is 1, 73 rubles/ruble, which corresponds to a profitability level of about 45%, taking into account the full prime cost of production. In the multi-branch agricultural enterprises and specialized grain-growing enterprises functioned on the base of intensive technologies and manufacted grain for production purposes, over plus of seeds may be sold (after setting of seed and carryover funds) on the prices of food grain with profitability about 52%.

Authors: Konovalova Liudmila Klavdievna, Okorkov Vladimir Vasilevich, SHCHukin Ivan Mikhailovich